How can you grow a mango from a stone in the open field and in a greenhouse at home, especially planting and care

An evergreen plant from the tropics is the mango. Its fruits have many beneficial qualities. The remaining bone should not be thrown away. After all, a beautiful tree can grow from it, which over time will delight you with delicious fruits. The plant grows very quickly, so you have to take care of a place suitable for culture. Before planting, it is recommended to figure out how to properly grow a mango from a stone.

Biological description of the species

Description of culture:

• Evergreen plant up to 45 meters high.
• The leaves are large. Length - half a meter, width - 10 centimeters.
• Young foliage has a reddish color, mature foliage is dark green.
• Flowers are collected in long panicles, yellow in color.
• There are several thousand flowers in one panicle.
• Depending on the variety, the fruit can be sour or sweet.

The plant and fruit are named the same - mango.

Recommended varieties

There are many varieties of mango on the market, but only a few can grow in a specific area. When growing a plant from seeds, it takes 8 years for the first fruits to appear. But without vaccination, it may take longer.

The grafted plants bear fruit from the 3rd year and are almost guaranteed to yield well.

For growing at home

To grow a plant from a seed, you must acquire a mature fruit. Any variety is suitable for growing at home.

For outdoor cultivation

The plant has good cold resistance, therefore it is suitable for growing in the southern regions of the Russian Federation. Fruits in this climate ripen in early August.

The best varieties are:

1. Beverly. The new variety is renowned for the best flavor of all mangoes. Harvested gradually, starting in July and ending in September.
2. Carrie. The plant is medium in size with a dense crown. The advantage of the variety is aroma. The fruit has absolutely no fibers. The fruit is tender, so it must be picked as soon as it reaches technical maturity. Crumple when dropped. Harvest in July.
3. Edward. The plant is fast-growing. Bears fruit for a long time. The fruits are firm but tasty.
4. Cogshall. Suitable for growing in a small garden, as the variety is half dwarf. The peculiarity of the plant is slow growth. The fruits are sweet and tender. Bears fruit in July.
5. Glenn. A decorative tree with soft-tasting fruits. The harvest gives annually, long and abundant.
6. Julie. The plant is dwarf in appearance. The pulp is tender, creamy. Bears fruit in August.
7. Kate. The best of the late blooms. The fruits are large, sweet and tender. Harvested in July-October.
8. Kent. Refers to fast-growing. The plant is small in size. The pulp is juicy, practically without fibers. Fruiting in July-August.

To accelerate fruiting, it is recommended to graft a young plant.

Seed planting technology

Without much effort, you can grow a strong, healthy tree from the stone. At home, it will not acquire large sizes, and the fruits will appear less often than those growing in nature.

Preparation of the bone

First you need to figure out what to do:

1. Choose the right fruit. It must be fully ripe. Best overripe. It is recommended to purchase it in spring or summer. In winter, there is a high probability of purchasing a slightly frozen product.
2. Separate the bone. In overripe fruit, the edge of the bone will be cracked. It is necessary to open it and take out the inner part. If the bone is closed, cut from the edge and repeat the process described.

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Germination

Recommendations:

1. It is necessary to germinate in water. To do this, pour soft water into a glass and place the bone completely. The fluid is changed every 2 days. You must not forget about this, otherwise the water will turn sour, and the seed will not germinate or grow sick.
2. After 1.5 weeks, a small root will appear. Withstand the same amount of the seed in water so that the sprout becomes suitable for planting.

Planting mango in the ground

It is necessary to plant a well-sprouted bone in the soil; if planted ahead of time, the sprout will not take root:

1. You need a deep container. The root system needs a lot of space to grow and develop.
2. The substrate is chosen universal. It is sold in any specialty store.
3. Drainage is poured to the bottom, then the soil. A hole is made in the center, in which a bone is placed and covered with earth.
4. The bone is placed with the root down. Completely fall asleep, watered and placed in a warm place. The place must be lit.

What does the sprout need

In order for the sprout to take root and not die, you will need to closely monitor it and follow simple recommendations.

Correct location and lighting

The ideal place is a windowsill on the south side. Can be grown on a warm balcony with maximum sunlight. The culture is thermophilic and requires a lot of sun. In winter, additional lighting must be provided.

Fertile soil

The soil should be well-drained and suitable for indoor plants. In heavy soil and with stagnant water, the sprout will quickly die.

Humidity and watering

A young plant prefers regular watering. But the water should not stagnate in the ground. Do not allow the earthen coma to dry out. Under this condition, the tender sprout will instantly die. As soon as the first leaves appear, the culture is sprayed with warm water.

Optimal temperature conditions

The plant loves warmth. Favorable temperature + 22 ... + 25 ° С.

Top dressing

When growing at home, it is important to know what to fertilize the plant with. They are fed with humus. Top dressing is applied twice a year under the trunk of the plant. This will saturate the culture with the essential elements for growth.

Further care of the tree at home

When the sprout has taken root well, it is important to correctly transplant it into a prepared container and regularly carry out the necessary care.

Pruning and shaping the crown

The plant tolerates pruning well and instantly restores crown volume.When the tree reaches 1.5 meters at home, they begin to form a crown regularly. To do this, cut off excess branches in order to maintain dwarf sizes.

Mango transplant

When transplanting, it is necessary to monitor the earthen lump with the root system. It cannot be damaged. The capacity is chosen twice as large as the previous one. With frequent transplants, mangoes may die.

Reproduction

It is best to grow a plant from seed. Also propagated by cuttings. But this method is ineffective, since the survival rate is very small.

How to care for a plant in open soil

In the southern regions, mango grows well under certain conditions:

• The plant is watered only in the evening, while observing the necessary humidity.
• For the winter period, the trunk circle must be insulated.
• They are fed regularly.
• They loosen the earth in time.
• It is recommended to mulch the soil around the tree. This will reduce the amount of weeding.
• They carry out treatment against diseases and pests.

If you do not cut the crown, the tree will quickly turn into a giant. If you follow all the recommendations, the plant will grow healthy and strong.

How to get mango fruits in a greenhouse and in an apartment

Before planting the seeds, everyone is interested in whether it is possible to get fruits from a grown tree. From the age of five, the culture blooms regularly every year. But fruiting in the greenhouse and in the apartment causes some problems. The probability that at least one fruit will appear from the grown seed is very small.

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The culture is guaranteed to bear fruit if the plant is grafted from a flowering and necessarily earlier fruiting mango. Preferably from the nursery. This procedure is not so difficult, as almost all cities have botanical gardens in which mangoes are produced.

In two years, the tree will delight with the first fruits. Before their appearance, the culture is fed monthly. Fertilizers use nitrogen.

Diseases and pests - ways to deal with them

Like all fruit crops, the mango tree is susceptible to various diseases. And also pests attack the plant.

Anthracnose

The fungus affects only the aerial part of the culture. A distinctive feature is its rapid spread, which occurs with the help of wind, insects, dew and rain.

Most often, trees that have wounds or damage are affected. Since it is through them that the infection penetrates.

Signs:

• Whitish spots appear on the leaf blades. Sometimes brown.
• The spots are framed by a dark rim. They gradually grow in different directions and after a while merge.
• With high humidity, the disease manifests itself in the form of cracks on the stems, which soon rot. As a result, the plant dies completely.
• In dry climates, the lesion destroys the mango much faster. Sick stems break in a weak wind.

Infected branches and leaves are immediately removed and burned. Cumulus DF will help to cope with the disease.

Bacteriosis

It is characterized by darkening of the edges of the foliage. The surface becomes wrinkled. As a result, the leaf turns black, but still adheres to the branches.

Prevention and control:

• before planting, the bone is kept in Agata-25K solution for a quarter of an hour;
• the affected parts are cut off, 5 centimeters of healthy tissue are also removed;
• the cut is coated with copper sulfate;
• "Trichodermina" granules are introduced into the ground.

Powdery mildew

A gray-white coating on the leaves that resembles flour is a sign of powdery mildew. Over time, it becomes darker, and a cloudy liquid begins to stand out from the tissue. Foliage is usually affected, but the disease can spread to the fruit. As a result, they will crack and rot.

Prevention:

• the tree is sprayed with fungicides twice a month, diluted wood ash is also suitable;
• for treatment is treated with "Topaz".

Spider mite

The insect braids the tops of the shoots with thin threads, on which beige dots appear over time. Over time, the affected areas lose color and dry out. Daily spraying with clean water will help to save the plant. This method works at the first appearance of pests, when they have not yet had time to breed. Acaricide "Neoron" is used for treatment. You will have to process it three times a month.

Shield

Shoots and foliage are covered with oval growths of a brown hue. Insects are lubricated with kerosene and removed by hand. For prevention, it is recommended to wipe the plant every week with a cloth dipped in vodka and sprinkle with garlic infusion.

Aphid

Green-yellow insects settle on the top of young leaves, shoots and buds. The pest drinks the sap of the plant. As a result, the affected areas turn yellow, dry out and fall off. With small numbers of aphids, you can defeat pests manually. Just crush them with your fingers. In case of a massive attack, they fight with general-purpose insecticides.

Thrips

A pattern appears on the leaves in the form of silvery strokes. Small black sticks are visible on the surface - these are pests that Tanrek will help get rid of. If you follow all the recommendations, you will be able to grow a strong tree on your own and get a harvest soon.