Description of the Irbitsky potato variety, recommendations for cultivation and yield
Summer residents and farmers choose Irbit potatoes for planting, one of the best varieties of vegetable crops. Listed quite recently in the State Register, it has shown itself to be perfectly adapted to the conditions of central Russia. The variety is recommended for cultivation in the Volgo-Vyatka region, Siberian district. Due to their good adaptability to weather and climatic conditions, potatoes give good yields of tubers, and with proper agricultural technology, they are very high.
Description of the variety
The Irbitsky potato variety is considered a table type of vegetable product. The terms of full ripening of the plant are medium. After planting, you can dig up the tubers after 65–70 days.
On erect bushes of a vegetable plant of medium height, dark green leaves. Large, wavy-edged plates and corollas of pinkish flowers will adorn the potato field.
The characteristic of the varietal type of potato includes such parameters as:
- presentation of tubers;
- pink rind and yellow flesh;
- starch content at the level of 12-17%;
- the versatility of using tubers in various dishes;
- crop safety by 97% during the winter period.
Each bush of the variety gives up to 10 even tubers. During the growing season, potato bushes are not exposed to fungal infection, showing resistance to it.
Farmers choose Irbitsky potatoes for planting, as buyers like the excellent taste of the tubers. And the yield per hectare reaches 250-400 centners, at the level of other varieties of vegetables.
Growing
For the cultivation of Irbit potatoes, a well-lit area is needed. The vegetable grows actively in fields with loose, fertile soil, with neutral acidity.
To avoid problems when growing a variety, it is necessary not to plant seed in the same place for more than 2-3 years. The best predecessors of vegetable crops will be legumes, cucumbers, and pumpkin. You can sow green manure before winter on the site for potatoes: white mustard, alfalfa. Plants will enrich the soil with nutrients.
In the fall, it is advisable to dig deep or plow the field for potatoes and apply fertilizers. The set of the nutritional complex includes wood ash, nitrophosphate, humus. On heavy clay soils, river sand will be required. Depleted areas are required humus and fertilizers.
Preparatory measures before planting a vegetable include vernalization of the seed. For a month, damaged and rotten tubers are rejected. Then the planting material is laid out in bright rooms in 1-2 layers for germination. If the tubers turn green, the quality of the planting material will only improve.The optimum seed size for planting is 70–80 grams. Tubers weighing more than 100 grams are cut into 2-3 pieces a week before planting.
Potatoes are planted in the soil after the soil temperature reaches 6-8 degrees Celsius.
Choose planting scheme of varietal potatoes 60x60 centimeters. A handful of humus and wood ash are added to each hole. The seeding depth is 6-10 centimeters. You cannot use fresh manure to fertilize potatoes, as it will cause the appearance of infections and pests, especially wireworms.
Care features
Agrotechnical measures at growing potatoes Irbitsky are the same as for other varieties of vegetable crops.
Especially care includes:
- loosening the soil;
- hilling bushes;
- weeding;
- watering and feeding.
Loosening the field is necessary in order to rid the planting of fast-growing weeds. The first procedure is carried out before the emergence of shoots, then the aisles are harrowed 3 times per season.
For hilling potatoes, moist soil is needed. You need to carry out the procedure twice: when the stems have reached a height of 15-18 centimeters, then before flowering. They rake the earth to a height of 10 and 17 centimeters.
Weeding is carried out as needed. If the field is large, then herbicide treatment can be used. Some of them are used even before planting tubers - Titus, after - Lapis lazuli. The preparations are non-toxic for potatoes, they destroy only weeds, perennial and annual.
Irbit potato is a drought-resistant vegetable plant. It is necessary to water the planting only during prolonged heat.
It is not necessary to fertilize the bushes if mineral and organic fertilizers have already been applied during the autumn preparation of the site. Wood ash in each hole during planting will help eliminate the lack of phosphorus and potassium during the growing season of the plant. Top dressing with nitrogen content is excluded during the tuberization period. After all, then all the power of the plant will go into building up green mass.
Advantages and disadvantages
The potato variety should be chosen for breeding, as it:
- perfectly adapts to various climatic conditions;
- gives on average 400 centners of tubers per hectare;
- stored for a long time;
- widely used in cooking;
- resistant to viral diseases, nematode damage.
Irbit potatoes do not give negative characteristics. But a high yield can be obtained by observing the rules of agricultural technology of vegetable crops.
Pests and diseases
Despite the protection of the variety against viral diseases, under certain conditions it is susceptible to fungal infection:
- Late blight affects all parts of the vegetable plant. The danger of the disease is that it occurs at the end of summer, when the air temperature drops sharply and rains begin. Brown spots appear on top of the leaf plates, and white bloom below. The disease quickly spreads to stems and tubers. During harvesting, fruits with hard brownish areas are found. Then the tubers rot. The affected bushes are sprayed with a solution of Bordeaux liquid so as not to ruin the entire potato crop.
- The description of ring rot is that the fungus infects the vascular tissues of the stem and tubers. If the dug tubers show cream-colored circles with transparent glassy areas nearby, then this fungal infection has affected the vegetable. Disease prevention is the selection of seed material, its treatment with fungicidal preparations.
- Scab is characterized by sores on tubers of irregular shape with a dry rim. Usually the fruits are stored for a long time, drying out over time.
After harvesting, diseased tubers are rejected so as not to infect others. You cannot plant such seeds, otherwise all plants will be infected.
Of the pests of vegetable crops, the Colorado potato beetle is active, the fight against which is carried out on all varieties of potatoes. You can fight adults and larvae by processing the seed, as well as bushes before flowering. There are many drugs against the Colorado potato beetle: Alatar, Aktara, Prestige.
The wireworm develops in the soil for 3-5 years, damaging the potato tubers. Get rid of the yellow worm with baits that are impregnated with poisons. These can be pieces of potatoes, cake, scattered before sowing in the fields. Beetles love to bury themselves in piles of straw and grass. There they are destroyed.
When the rules of potato agricultural technology are followed, then there will be no problems in cultivating the Irbitsky variety.
Harvesting and storage
Dig up potato tubers 70 days after planting the seeds. During this time, the tubers will be covered with a dense pink skin. After digging, the potatoes are scattered in 1-2 layers in a ventilated room to dry. It is important that light does not enter the pantry, otherwise the fruit will turn green. Turn the potatoes over thoroughly, then all parts dry well.
Only healthy tubers are laid for storage, discarding damaged, stained rot. Indoor for storage of potatoes should be at a temperature air within 2-4 degrees Celsius, humidity - 75%. Fresh air is necessary for the vegetable, therefore ventilation of the basement or cellar is required. The fruits of potatoes are well preserved together with beets, which take excess moisture from the surface of the potato and prevent it from rotting.
