The best strawberry varieties and planting dates in the fall in the Middle Strip, diseases and treatment
Propagating the bushes with a mustache, it is important to observe the timing of planting strawberry seedlings in the fall in the Middle Lane. Rosettes of plants are rooted in July, and are transferred to a permanent place only at the end of August. During the fall, young bushes should take root and gain strength. After all, they have to survive the cold long winter.
Features of growing crops in Central Russia
Strawberries have long been grown in Russia, so they will calmly take root on the site and survive the cold winters. The main thing is not to buy a varietal crop specially bred for the southern regions. Strawberries do not like acidic and waterlogged soil, they adore sunlight and require regular feeding.
Requirements for choosing a variety of strawberries
When choosing strawberries for your garden, you need to pay attention to the conditions for its cultivation. In the Middle Lane, winter-hardy varieties grow, which bear fruit well in a cool, but rainy summer.
Different varieties have their own characteristics of planting and maintenance, different in shape, taste, weight of the berry.
Strawberries are early or late and bear fruit only once a season. True, remontant strawberry varieties can yield twice a year - in July and at the end of August.
Crops that bear fruit once a season tend to have large and sweet-sour berries. Early varieties are distinguished by these features. Berries can be picked from bushes at the end of May and beginning of June. Late "disposable" varieties bear fruit from July to September. These strawberries are sweeter than the early ones. Repaired varieties ripen several times per season, their yield is higher. Plants bear fruit all summer.
The best early strawberries
An early ripening culture perfectly tolerates frosty winters, quickly revives and begins to bear fruit at the end of May. Yields peak in early June.
Sudarushka
The plant has beautiful round berries of a rich burgundy color. The weight of one piece is 15-30 grams. The berries have a shiny skin, juicy and sweet pulp.
Elsanta
Dutch strawberry with large, heart-shaped berries. The culture ripens at the end of May. The berries have a sweet and sour taste. The weight of one piece is 45 grams. The bush forms few rosettes and antennae. One plant can be harvested 1.5 kilograms.
Honey
Ripening begins at the end of May. The berries are small (weight - 40 grams), slightly sour, reddish or orange. One bush can collect 0.5 kilograms of strawberries.
Darselect
The same triangular red berries ripen on the plant in early June. They are plump and have a beautiful appearance, retain their shape for a long time. The weight of one berry is about 50 grams.
Alba
Sweet oblong berries ripen by the beginning of June. Strawberries grow on tall, lush, always fertile bushes. The weight of one berry is 25 grams.
Vima Zanta
The bush has curled dark green leaves and round berries. The strawberries are not very large, but sweet. The weight of one berry is about 60 grams. One bush can be harvested 0.8 kilograms of sweet berries.
Popular late varieties
Late strawberries have a denser skin. These berries are sweeter than early fruits. Late ripening strawberries have a richer color and lasting aroma.
San andreas
This is a remontant variety that blooms and bears fruit all summer. The berries are not large, the weight of one is 40 grams. Strawberries ripen from June to October. One bush can be harvested up to 1 kilogram of the crop. It is a hybrid variety with almost no whiskers.
Kubata
Not a remontant culture. The bush is low, but spreading, forms a lot of whiskers. The berries are conical, red. The mass of one is 25 grams. This is a winter-hardy culture that tolerates not only frost, but also summer drought.
A shelf
Strawberries ripen in the midst of summer. The berries are round, with a blunt nose. The weight of one piece is 30-50 grams. Ripe strawberries tolerate long-term transportation well. The berries have a dense skin, beautiful appearance.
Large strawberry
Large berries grow on large bushes. They have strong and durable flower stalks. Strawberries lean very low to the ground, because the mass of one berry can reach 100 grams.
Kiss-Nellis
The berries are large, irregular, scarlet. The mass of one is 70-95 grams. The strawberries are very sweet and juicy. One bush can be harvested 1.5 kilograms.
Marvelous
Ripe berries have an oblong shape, a red tint, they are large and sweet. The weight of one is about 35 grams. One bush can collect 0.9 kilograms.
Clery
Strawberries are sweet. She has beautiful, conical, shiny, as if from a picture, berries. The mass of one is 50 grams. The fruits are plump, they can be easily transported over a long distance. The variety begins to bear fruit in June.
Belrubi
The berries of this variety have an oblong neck, a conical shape, and a blunt nose. Strawberries ripen in July on tall bushes. Ripe berries have firm and sweet flesh. The weight of one is about 40 grams.
Harvest varieties
The strawberry, which gives a large yield, belongs to the remontant species. Although some non-remontant varieties bloom until July, and then quietly ripen for two months. During the season, almost a kilogram of berries can be obtained from such plants.
Roxanne
New variety recently developed by Italian botanists. It has tall, compact, erect bushes. The plant bears fruit abundantly. Berries are slightly oblong, uniform, even and smooth. The mass of one is up to 25 grams. This variety bears fruit several times per season. It is possible to collect 1.5 kilograms of the crop from one bush.
Symphony
A strawberry bred by Scottish breeders for industrial cultivation. Ripe berries have a sweet taste, they do not deteriorate for a long time, and can be transported over long distances. Strawberries ripen in July and bear fruit in the fall. The mass of one berry is 40 grams. One bush can be harvested 0.8 kilograms.
Pandora
This is a late hybrid strawberry that bears fruit only once a season. The berries weigh about 40 grams. For better pollination in a neighboring garden, it is advisable to plant a variety of Vicoda.
Marmalade
These are berries bred by Italian breeders with a sweet taste and juicy pulp.Strawberries are dense, cone-shaped, dark cherry in color. The mass of one berry is 30 grams. One plant can be harvested 0.75 kilograms.
Zenkora
Strawberries with large berries (up to 50 grams), dense, but juicy pulp. Fruits are round and irregular. It is possible to collect 0.9 kilograms of berries from one plant.
Features of agricultural technology
The culture propagates by seeds, whiskers, dividing the bush. Seedlings can be grown independently, for example, from seeds or using a mustache. It is advisable to purchase varietal crops in a nursery, along with an earthy clod and flowering cuttings. In one place, strawberries bear fruit well for 3-5 years. Then it is recommended to update the bed.
When to plant strawberries in the Middle Strip
Strawberries can be planted in spring or fall. True, lovers of spring planting will receive a harvest only next year. If you plant a crop in late August or early September, the berries will appear the next summer. A culture planted in early autumn will have time to take root well and get stronger before the onset of winter frosts.
Garden strawberries can be propagated independently with a mustache. To do this, one mustache with a well-developed and healthy very first outlet, without tearing it off the mother plant, is sprinkled with earth, watered and waited for it to take root. All other antennae are removed.
When the young outlet has roots and grows stronger, the bush is cut off from the mother plant and transplanted to a new place.
The antennae should be rooted on the side of the garden in late July or early August, and transplanted to a permanent place in late summer or early September. The mother plant should be no more than 2 years old.
Fertilizers
Before planting, the land on which the culture will grow is dug up and loosened. The soil is fertilized with rotted humus or chicken droppings. One bucket of organic matter is added to 1 square meter of the plot. The land is fertilized a month before planting seedlings.
Be sure to add mineral additives to the soil. To do this, dissolve 20 grams of potassium sulfate and 35 grams of superphosphate in 10 liters of water. You can reduce the acidity of the soil by adding a little wood ash (0.5 kilograms).
Landing features
Strawberries are planted in the beds where carrots, beets, radishes, parsley, and garlic used to grow. It is undesirable to plant seedlings on the ground where tomatoes, potatoes, cabbage, cucumbers were once grown. The area where strawberries will grow should be well lit by the sun, not be heated during rain. The culture loves black soil, loam and sandy loam soil, hates peat and sod soil. The ground should be slightly acidic or neutral.
Saplings are planted on a cloudy day. On the site, shallow pits are made at a distance of 30-40 centimeters from each other (there should be a distance of 65 centimeters between the rows). A little water is poured into the holes, and then the seedlings are immersed along with an earthen clod. You can plant two plants in one hole. The roots are covered with earth, the hearts should remain at the top. After planting, the seedlings are watered.
Watering
Immediately after planting, young seedlings are watered every day. Then watering is carried out 2 times a week. The overwintered bush begins to water at the end of April, if the weather is not rainy. It is necessary to ensure that the ground in the garden is moistened to a depth of 2 centimeters. The plant is watered twice a week during the period of setting and ripening of fruits.
Top dressing
Initially, during the planting of young seedlings, the soil is fertilized. Then the plant hibernates. In the spring, the soil needs to be fertilized again. The culture needs nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. In one season, the plant is fertilized about 4 times.
At the beginning (at the end of May), organic matter or nitrogen fertilizers are applied. In 10 liters of water, 2 kilograms of rotted manure (compost) or 30 grams of urea are dissolved.In June, during the period of peduncle protrusion, the bushes are watered with potassium and phosphorus additives (30 grams of superphosphate and 20 grams of potassium sulfate are taken for 10 liters of water). You can use complex fertilizers (Kemira-Lux, Solution, Kristallin).
Necessary activities
Immediately after watering or rain, the soil in the garden bed is loosened to break up the soil crust. Weeds are removed during weeding. The area where plants grow can be covered with sawdust or agrofibre. This technique will keep moisture in the soil and will inhibit the growth of weeds. After the separation and transplantation of young rosettes, the mother bushes are prepared for winter.
Wintering
Before winter, the plant needs additional care. In autumn, when the old bush has given up the entire strawberry crop, all dried leaves are removed from it. During this procedure, it is important not to damage the young leaves laying in the sinuses. All unnecessary mustaches are removed along with the leaves so that the garden does not thicken.
Before wintering, plants are subjected to preventive treatment against pests and microorganisms. From above, the garden bed for the winter can be covered with lutrasil, agrofibre, spunbond, or mulched with sawdust, dry straw.
Disease and pest control agents
Strawberries can get sick with fusarium wilting, gray mold, powdery mildew, brown, white spot. For prevention and treatment, copper sulfate and Bordeaux liquid are used. Teldor or Euparen remedy saves the plant from rot. For powdery mildew, the bushes are sprayed with a solution with the addition of Topaz or Bayleton.
Strawberry pests: nematodes, ants, slugs, aphids, beetles, ticks, weevils, birds. Affected leaves and berries are removed from the garden. The remaining bushes are sprayed with Karbofos solution, Iskra, Actellik preparations.
