Description of the Bogatyrskaya plum variety, tree pollinators, cultivation and care
Large-fruited, relatively undemanding to the growing conditions of the Bogatyrskaya plum, it is very popular among gardening lovers. It is planted almost everywhere in regions with a warm climate and severe winters. The fruit crop is resistant to adverse environmental factors. To collect a rich and tasty harvest, it is enough to familiarize yourself with the features of the agricultural technology of the Bogatyrskaya plum, its strengths and weaknesses.
Bogatyrskaya plum breeding history
Bogatyr, as this variety is also called, was obtained as a result of the selection work carried out by R.V. Korneev and V.A. Korneev. His parental pair was the Giant and Hungarian local. The place where the Bogatyrskaya plum appeared is the Dubovsky stronghold. In 1987, the variety was entered into the State Register.
Description and distinctive features
Plum Bogatyrskaya belongs to medium-sized plants. Its moderately thickened crown is characterized by a rounded shape. On the trunk and skeletal branches, the peeling bark is gray, shoots of moderate thickness grow from the central conductor at an acute angle. Conical buds are small.
Corrugated sheet plates stand out in an ovoid shape. Their outer side is dark green, while the inner is light. Pubescence is observed on long petioles, 2-3 white flowers form an inflorescence.
The formation of fruits occurs on last year's growths, bouquet twigs, spurs. Plum Bogatyrskaya is known for its large elongated fruits, their weight is 30-60 grams. Moderately dense skin, as it ripens, changes its color from dark purple to black.
Taste qualities of Bogatyrskaya plum are characterized as high. The yellow-green pulp is juicy and has a sweet, harmonious taste with hints of honey. The juice is practically colorless.
Plum Bogatyrskaya has a tendency to overload the crop, which often causes damage to the branches..
Characteristics of culture
To know what to look for when growing Bogatyrskaya plum, you need to familiarize yourself in more detail with its main characteristics.
Resistant to dry climates and frost
If the dry weather does not last long, then the Bogatyrskaya plum tolerates it painlessly. But it is better to carry out irrigation measures 1 time in 10-12 days. Due to the high degree of frost resistance of the Bogatyrskaya plum, it does not require additional shelter for the winter.
What diseases and parasites are dangerous for the tree
Plum Bogatyrskaya is positioned as a plant with increased immunity to moniliosis, fruit rot and perforated spot. In addition, the culture is not prone to fruit cracking. The danger in the form of fungal infections can threaten the plant only in case of prolonged rains, excessive moisture. A high level of resistance is also observed in relation to harmful insects.
Varieties - pollinators
Since the Bogatyrskaya plum is a self-pollinated tree on which both female and male flowers are present, it is not required to place other varieties of plums nearby. Only to increase yields, the presence of pollinators will be justified. The flowering phase of the Bogatyrskaya plum falls on the end of spring, the formation of fruits and their ripening - in the last days of summer.
Productivity and fruiting
The productivity of Bogatyrskaya plum is good, the harvest ripens every year. As the tree matures, the volume of production also increases. From one garden planting it is possible to collect up to 50 kilograms of blue fruits with an excellent taste, an adult plant is capable of producing 85 kilograms.
Fruiting at the plum begins 5 years after the seedling is assigned to a permanent place. It is possible to harvest the Bogatyr for 25 years, if you provide him with the appropriate growing conditions, care.
Storage and use of fruits
It is recommended to harvest Bogatyrskaya plums 6 days before they reach full maturity. The fruits are versatile, they can be used both as raw materials for making homemade preparations, and for fresh consumption. Jams, juices, desserts, and tinctures are made from plums.
Thanks to the dense skin, the crop is not afraid of long-distance transportation. Mechanical harvesting of fruits is also possible. In the refrigerator, plums retain their commercial and consumer qualities only for 2 weeks.
Positive and negative sides: is it worth planting
Among the strengths of the Bogatyrskaya plum, gardening enthusiasts note:
- self-fertility;
- high level of frost resistance;
- large-fruited;
- increased immunity to major diseases and parasitic individuals;
- the prospects of the variety;
- excellent taste and market characteristics;
- regular and abundant fruiting;
- universal purpose of fruits.
But the Bogatyrskaya plum, despite the whole list of advantages, has its own drawback:
- due to the rich harvest, branches often break off.
It is worth planting a fruit crop in a personal plot, since it has all the signs of a hardy and high-yielding plant.
We grow a tree on the site
In order for a garden planting to actively grow and develop, you need to know when it is best to plant it and what recommendations to follow.
Choosing the time to land in the ground
The optimal time for planting seedlings is spring. Planting work is recommended to be carried out in early April, when the soil has already warmed up sufficiently. It is better to plant the plant while it is still dormant.
Optimal place for a drain
Saplings take root faster if a place for planting was chosen in a well-lit clearing protected from through winds. Plants should be placed in a row - from north to south. For the Bogatyrskaya plum, non-steep slopes, either southern or eastern, are preferable.
In order to avoid further problems with trees, so that they are not destroyed by the cold fog, a place for planting must be chosen in high areas. The soil should have good moisture and air permeability.
For the Bogatyrskaya plum, sandy loam, enriched with useful soil components, are acceptable.
Favorable and unwanted neighbors
It is not advisable to plant Bogatyrskaya plum next to walnut trees, especially for walnuts and hazel, which grow in the central regions. Also, plums do not like an apple tree or a pear nearby, the distance between them should be 3-4 meters. Planted black currant bushes have a beneficial effect on the plant.
Selection and preparation of a seedling
It is best to purchase annual or biennial plants with a well-developed root lobe at specialized retail outlets. It should be a healthy seedling without signs of disease, traces of rot and damage of various kinds. Instances with an open root system should be treated with Kornevin's solution or potassium permanganate. If young trees are sold in containers, then they need to be removed and examined before planting.
Step-by-step planting process
Planting technology provides for the following actions:
- Preparing the pit in the fall. Its dimensions should be 40 centimeters deep and 80 centimeters in diameter. Until spring, the land will become looser and the Bogatyrskaya plum will adapt and take root faster.
- Nutritional composition. The extracted soil is mixed with a bucket of manure, superphosphate (300 grams) and potassium salt (65 grams).
- Installation 15-20 centimeters from the center of the wooden peg.
- Placing a seedling on a mound of land. If its root system is a little dry, then it must be lowered into a container of water for 8-10 hours.
- Sprinkle roots and carefully tamp the soil so that there are no voids in the pit. The root collar should be 3-4 centimeters higher from the ground level.
- Formation of a groove in a circle with a depth of 10 centimeters, 30 centimeters from the seedling.
- Watering the plant with 40-50 liters of water.
It is possible to protect the roots of the Bogatyrskaya plum from overheating and drying out by using a mulching layer. Peat, humus are perfect for these purposes..
Features of variety care
Among the main activities for the care of the Bogatyrskaya plum are: irrigation, loosening, the introduction of nutrients, crown formation, protection from diseases and pests.
Watering
Plum Bogatyrskaya gratefully responds to watering, especially at the stage of flowering and ripening of fruits. Young plants moisturize at the rate of 30-40 liters of water per planting, and adults - 50-60 liters of water. The main thing is to prevent stagnation of moisture in the soil, otherwise the likelihood of developing fungal infections is high.
Top dressing
Since the fertilizer mixtures were already applied in sufficient quantities during planting, there is no need for feeding procedures in the first year. Only from the third year, the Bogatyrskaya plum is fed with mineral complex compounds. In autumn, it is effective to use preparations with a high concentration of phosphorus and potassium, and nitrogen preparations - at the end of the flowering phase. Fertilizers of organic origin are relevant in the summer.
Yield rationing
So that the Bogatyrskaya plum is not overloaded with fruits, you need to break off half of the ovaries, but it is recommended to do this in two passes:
- ¼ some of the ovaries are removed when they reach the size of a hazelnut;
- another ¼ part is removed when greenfinches are doubled.
Tree crown formation
The next year after planting, all branches should be cut to the level of the annular inflow, except for the three lateral and central conductors. There should be shoots at an angle of 45 degrees.In the third year, the second tier of the Bogatyrskaya plum is formed from two branches, the distance between them and the first tier should be 70-90 centimeters. The height of the main trunk should be 20-25 centimeters higher than the rest of the branches.
The third tier of the Bogatyrskaya plum is created after the coming of the year. It consists of two branches, located at a distance of 50 centimeters from the second tier. Subsequently, branches growing vertically, thickening the crown, are subject to removal.
When and how to prune a mature tree
Pruning dates are late March-early April, when the weather is warm and the air temperature is from 10 degrees. It is necessary to remove branches with signs of disease, frozen and those that cross. Summer pruning is carried out only if necessary, if there are diseased shoots. In the fall, it is not worthwhile to manipulate the tree, since it will not have time to recover before the cold weather.
Loosening and mulching the trunk circle
So that the roots of the Bogatyrskaya plum do not experience oxygen starvation, the soil should be loosened after each moisture. To preserve moisture in the soil and against weeds, a bucket of humus is periodically introduced into the trunk circle.
Preparing the tree for winter
Young plants are protected with straw, lutrasil, dense fabric. This technique will still allow you to resist small rodents. The soil under the Bogatyrskaya plum is mulched with peat, dry grass.
Reviews of experienced gardeners about the variety
Plum Bogatyrskaya has proven itself exclusively from the positive side. Gardeners especially appreciate frost resistance, increased immunity to diseases and large-fruitedness in it.
