Description and characteristics of the currant variety Yadrenaya, planting, growing and care
Black currant is a storehouse of useful vitamins and minerals. People often call it "northern lemon" for its high content of vitamin C. Therefore, gardeners tend to plant bushes on the site. But berries are also classified into many types. So, the largest fruits are observed in the Yadrenaya currant. But the variety requires careful maintenance, and it is important to familiarize yourself with its full characteristics in advance.
Breeding history of the variety
Currant Yadrenaya was bred relatively recently by breeders of Altai, more specifically - to workers of the Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia named after M.A. Lisavenko. The main role of the hatching process was assigned to L.N. Zabelina, she is also the originator of the variety.
Vigorous is created on the basis of other popular varieties: Dikovinka, Lyubimitsa Altai, Bradthorpe. This currant was entered into the state register in 2000 and recommended for cultivation in the north-western regions of Russia.
Description and characteristics of the culture Yadrenaya 1 and Yadrenaya 2
Visually, until the development of the berries, Yadrenaya and Yadrenaya 2 currants are almost indistinguishable. However, the fruits of the second grade are larger and are recognized as the largest in Russia. The weight of Vigorous berries reaches 10 grams, they are fleshy, with a dense black skin. But due to their large size and pressure on them, the berries do not tolerate transportation well.
Yield indicators are at a high level and amount to 5.5-6 kilograms of berries. Vigorous has a rich currant aroma, sweet and sour taste and gives a refreshing effect. The berries completely cover all the stems and easily move away from the stalks, which makes harvesting easier.
Bush and root system
The root system of currants is fragmented and fibrous. The average root length reaches 50-60 centimeters, this should be taken into account when creating a hole for planting. The main advantage of the roots and the root part of the trunk is that the plant is easily restored in case of mechanical damage.
The bush is compact, reaches one and a half meters in height and is distinguished by branches of medium spreading. Thanks to the upright stems (greenish with a slight pink tint), more space is saved. The leaves are deep green in color and are decorated with a pattern of pink indented veins.
All about flowering and fruiting
During flowering, currants also serve as a magical decorative addition to the garden. The flowers of the plant are medium in size, with delicate creamy pink notes.
Important! The variety is considered self-fertile and does not need additional pollination.
Currant Yadrenaya ripens late. Depending on the region, the appearance of ripe berries is dated from July to August. The fruiting period is short, so it is important to harvest on time.
Susceptibility to disease and insects
This hybrid is resistant to many diseases and pests characteristic of currants:
- to powdery mildew;
- pockmark;
- kidney mite.
Aphids and anthracnose are especially dangerous for Yadrenaya. But, as you know, the disease is easier to prevent than to cure. Therefore, starting from the flowering period, it is recommended to regularly carry out preventive examinations of the bush, and in case of the first signs of adversity, remove the affected parts and treat them with drugs bought in a gardening store.
Resistance to frost and drought
Currant Yadrenaya was bred for distribution in the northern regions, therefore it tolerates frost well. The maximum lower limit is minus 30 degrees, however, with proper mulching, it is possible even lower. The plant is also unpretentious to droughts, but does not tolerate stagnant moisture at the roots.
Pros and cons of currants
The main advantages of the variety:
- increased size of berries and their meatiness;
- high yield ratio;
- high rates of winter hardiness and immunity to drought;
- the crop appears already in the first year of planting;
- resistance to most typical diseases and pests.
Among the shortcomings noted:
- berries are mostly sour in taste;
- requires careful maintenance;
- poor tolerance to wet conditions.
How to plant and grow Yadrenaya on the site
To grow healthy and productive currants Yadrenaya, you will need to comply with the basic conditions of agricultural technology and care. Important aspects of the process are: selection of a suitable seedling, watering and pruning.
Choosing a healthy seedling
To select a healthy, strong seedling, it is recommended to be guided by the following principles:
- there are no damages, traces of mold or rot on the root system of the plant;
- the trunk is young, green in color, with slight stiffness, which can be easily removed with a fingernail;
- the twig is even, without scratches or visible damage.
Choosing the best place
Vigorous currant does not tolerate root moisture, this provokes rot and the occurrence of infection, therefore it is recommended to choose the right landing site. It is better to give preference to small hills and hills. It is also not recommended to plant a bush in a well-ventilated area. Berries from the wind will quickly sprinkle under their weight.
Additionally, it is required to provide the hybrid with sufficient sunlight, so it is not recommended to plant plants near taller bushes and trees.
Soil preparation
It is advisable to fertilize the soil for future planting with humus or manure several months before the procedure. Then, 10 days before planting the seedling, it is recommended to take care of creating a suitable pit. The hole is dug about 50x80 in size and 20 centimeters deep.
Important! It is required to create a small drainage and fill the hole with 2-3 buckets of water to allow the earth to settle.
Terms and technology of planting bushes
It is possible to plant Yadrenaya currants both in spring and in autumn (in the first half of October). The main thing is that the soil temperature is at least 10 degrees. If the planting of several bushes is planned on the site, it is important to follow the planting scheme. The average distance between plants should be at least two meters. It is not recommended to plant currants near trees and tall bushes.
Features of care for Yadrenaya
Vigorous, in order to obtain good yields, it requires careful maintenance. The average life span of the main bunch of trunks is from three to four years. To extend the service life of the currant, it is recommended to properly trim the bush from the second year.
Watering and loosening
It is recommended to water the currants immediately after planting every 3-4 days, 2 buckets per bush. However, this regime lasts only 2 months. Further, it all depends on weather conditions, humidity and absorption of liquid by a separate bush.
Important! The bush treats drought better than the accumulation of water at the roots. Also, gardeners recommend to regularly loosen and weed the bush. The soil under the plant needs to be kept soft and loose, this helps to better absorb water and useful elements.
Pruning
Starting from the second year, the Yadrenaya currant must be cut off. It is recommended to perform the procedure in the spring, before the appearance of the kidneys. The bush needs to be formed from 3-5 strong branches, in which the upper part is cut into 3 buds. The rest of the young shoots must be removed. For 4 years, the number of shoots left can be increased to 6, and cut off to 3-4 buds. In the fall, it is required to perform sanitary pruning of currants, removing old, damaged or dry branches.
Top dressing
Once a year, currants need to be fertilized using mixtures based on animal manure and humus. On average, one bush will need from half to a whole bucket of fertilizing. It is recommended to make the introduction of useful elements in the spring, before the buds swell.
Preparing for winter
Vigorous currant belongs to frost-resistant varieties and does not need special insulation. However, young shoots are recommended to be mulched and covered with a covering material. This will allow them to survive the winter successfully.
Without exception, all the bushes need to be wrapped with rope, moving in a spiral, but not squeezing the branches too much. The procedure will save the plants from the onslaught of the winds.
Prevention of diseases and pests
For prevention purposes, a number of simple steps are required:
- Before flowering, currants are recommended to be treated with a solution of Bordeaux liquid, Karbofos or Iskra series preparations.
- Also, a mixture of ash and ordinary laundry soap, infusion of yarrow or dandelion with the addition of garlic is well suited for processing.
- In addition to preventive spraying, it is required to observe the conditions of care, weed the soil in a timely manner and get rid of diseased branches.
How to propagate a culture
You can propagate vigorous currants in three main ways. It is impossible to identify the most convenient method or one that gives strong shoots. Each method is good.
Layers
One of the popular ways to propagate a bush is by layering. To do this, you need to bend the branch and press it with iron brackets to the ground. Sprinkle with soil on top, water and fertilize like a young seedling. As soon as the shoot takes root, the branch can be replanted.
Cuttings
The pruning can be planted directly in fertilized soil, or placed in water until 5 cm roots appear and planted later.
Important! When processing cuttings, it is recommended to make cuts at an angle, so they grow back faster.
By dividing the bush
You can also separate one of the shoots in the fall, along with part of the root system. It is recommended to cut off the top and insulate the roots with straw or dry leaves. You should know that improper division of the bush will lead to the death of both a separate shoot and a common bundle of stems.
