At what distance should tomatoes be planted in a greenhouse
Proper planting of tomatoes in the greenhouse and their placement in the beds will help to get the highest possible yield. You need to know at what distance to plant tomatoes in the greenhouse in order for the air to circulate freely and also provide access to light. Air is very important for tomatoes for normal pollination, and the luminous flux directly affects the quality of tomato ripening. Each of the varieties requires its own parameters and planting patterns.
The way plants are arranged in rows in a polycarbonate greenhouse should provide the most favorable conditions for growing tomatoes. Not only air and light flux are necessary for the bushes, the ability to obtain useful substances from the soil is of no small importance for their proper nutrition.
Basic planting schemes
When planting a tomato in a greenhouse, you should provide for the most compact arrangement, but at the same time, there should be sufficient distance between the bushes for normal cultivation. There are three main types of their placement:
- Regular. It is used if the planted greenhouse tomatoes have an early ripening period. The distance between tomatoes in the greenhouse is 70 cm between the beds, and between the tomatoes in rows of 50 cm.
- Ribbon, two-line. This method involves planting two rows at a distance of 50 cm. In this case, the tomato can be planted opposite each other or in a checkerboard pattern.
- Combined. This method is used when planting tomatoes of different varieties with different plant heights in the same greenhouse. Determinant tomatoes at the same time, they are placed near the walls with a distance of 40 cm between them, and the best placement of indeterminate seedlings is considered along the main path, leaving a space of 60 cm between them.
In the most popular and used greenhouses, measuring 6 x 3 meters, in which the main passage is in the center between two beds, it is optimal to plant tomatoes in the following quantity:
- Dwarf bushes and low-growing plants can be planted up to two hundred, if you place 2 in one hole, and if you plant 1 tomato in each hole, then you get 100 plants per greenhouse.
- Medium-sized bushes can be placed no more than 40 pieces, making several rows along the entire length of the greenhouse.
- If the greenhouse plants are very tall, then it is better to plant tomatoes in a checkerboard pattern. They can be planted no more than 30 in a greenhouse of this size.
Very large varieties of tomatoes with spreading stems can accommodate no more than 25 plants.
Planting tomatoes in greenhouses
At what distance tomatoes should be planted in greenhouses, the main thing is which variety is chosen for growing and what size of bushes these plants have. When using medium-sized plants, a distance of 70 cm between rows should be left between them, and for undersized plants - about 60 cm, between bushes with high stems 50 cm, and for small ones, 40 cm is enough.
The distance left is also influenced by the forming methods and planting patterns used. If you plant tomatoes with a large main stem, you can leave 20-30 cm between the bushes. If such plants are planted in 2 pieces. in one hole, then 35-40 cm are left between the two holes.
Indeterminate bushes are placed with a distance of about 80 cm in a row, and the row spacing is removed from each other at a distance of 1 meter. In the hole, tall plants are planted in excavated depressions of 30 cm each, shorter bushes are buried by 20 cm.
The height of the structures is selected in such a way that at least 50 cm remains above the tomatoes in the greenhouse. The width of the greenhouses should be 1 meter larger. Thus, optimal conditions will be created for the growth of bushes and ripening of fruits.
The planted tomato in the hole is equally distant from other plants. The height of the beds is made at 30-35 cm, and between them there is a gap of 40-45 cm. After the start of the formation of bushes, they are further deepened into the ground. For this, new soil is added to the formed beds. This strengthens the main stem and prevents the bushes from falling on their side.
In greenhouse conditions, dwarf tomato varieties and standard tomatoes show the best development and fruiting indicators.
Greenhouses measuring 3 x 6 and the location of tomatoes in them
The most functional structures are considered to be easily mounted - these are greenhouses with a size of 3 x 6 m.In them, you can place bushes with a distance of 30 cm, and leave a row spacing of 50 cm.Optimal requirements at what distance it is better to plant tomatoes in such greenhouses are:
- Organization of beds with a direction from the east side to the west.
- Laying in greenhouses with small beds in one row, 35 to 40 cm wide, located under the walls of the greenhouse. In this case, a distance of 40 cm is left between the plants.
- Formation of two rows in the central part. Tomatoes are planted on them in a checkerboard pattern. The distance of low-growing plants is 40 cm, and for tall plants it is 65 cm.
- At least 85 cm is left between the beds of tall bushes, and 50 cm in low-growing ones.
To optimize the use of the greenhouse area 3 x 8, the number of medium-sized bushes is up to 45 plants, and tall, with numerous stems and tomato-trees no more than 15 pcs.
To improve the preservation of the thermal regime in greenhouses, you can make a multilayer coating. This is especially true on cool May nights. 5 cm is left between the layers of the film. This method, in addition to maintaining the required thermal regime inside the greenhouse, will also provide a longer life of the coating.
After June 1st, the upper layers can be removed. To ensure ventilation of the air flow, vents must be provided... Loamy and sandy loam soils are chosen as the soil. The time for planting greenhouses with seedlings should begin at a time when the temperature at a depth of 15 centimeters reaches +14 degrees. For maximum heating of the soil, it is covered with black plastic wrap.
Planting tomato seedlings in a heated greenhouse
Before planting tomatoes, moisten the soil in the greenhouse and make 12 cm depressions, inside which a deeper hole is dug, into which the seedlings are placed and covered with earth.
1.5-2 weeks after the seedlings have already taken root, the second, smaller hole is covered with earth. This method is usually used in the event that the seedlings are overgrown.
In other cases, conventional planting holes are used. Previously, water is poured into each hole, and only then the plant is placed in it.
A distance of 70 cm is set aside between the seedlings of indeterminate tomato species, and the row spacing should be 40 cm. In the center of the greenhouse, the main path is made. Its width is no more than 1 m. Planting in 2-3 rows in the form of a tape is called a tape-nesting one. Square-nested planting is carried out by placing 1-4 plants at the intersection of two lines.
When planting tomatoes in a checkerboard pattern in a heated greenhouse, the bushes are removed from each other at a distance of 40 cm, and the rows are placed at a distance of 60 cm.If the bushes are undersized, then these indicators decrease to 50 and 40 cm, respectively.
Before planting, a soil preparation procedure is carried out. The top 10 cm layer is removed, and the rest is disinfected with a solution of copper sulfate. You need 1 tbsp. l. dilute the drug in 10 liters of liquid.
