When peonies of different species bloom after planting, feeding and care
The perennial, which serves as a symbol of the Middle Kingdom, is planted in Europe and cultivated in Asia and North America. Peonies bloom in one place for decades. There are about 50 species of an ornamental plant, which is unpretentious, quickly adapts to different climatic conditions.
When peonies bloom, the garden is filled with a delicate aroma, and you can watch the stunning sight for a long time. Plants are early and late, and they both delight with beauty.
Types of peonies by maturity
The flowering time is influenced by the variety of the decorative perennial, the climate in which it grows, and the particular care.
Very early
In American hybrids, surprising with double buds or a magnificent crown of petals, the decorative period begins at the end of May. The Velma variety has reddish stems, large lilac caps.
Early
In the first decade of June, the Pearl placer blooms. The peony has many shoots that grow up to 80 cm in height. The pearlescent shade of the petals at the ends turns into a dark pink color.
At the same time, the hybrid variety America pleases with scarlet flowers with golden stamens.
Medium early
Until June 15, the buds of the Mirage peony bloom. Raspberry petals change shade under different lighting conditions, they smell like jasmine.
The Duchess variety, created by French breeders many years ago, continues to amaze with airy snow-white flowers with a diameter of about 20 cm.
The Miss America peony bush has the shape of a ball. The plant tolerates frost well, opens buds in early June, large pure white flowers with yellow stamens look like chamomile.
Average
Light pink petals edged with a double peony in Memory of Gagarin open in the middle of the first summer month. Maroon buds of the Sable variety appear next.
Mid late
After June 25, Anshatress terry spherical peonies bloom, collected from lemon petals, decorated with a thin scarlet border. At the end of the month, the John Peyton variety opens lilac buds.
Late
In the thirties of June, a sprawling peony Arkady Gaidar blooms with leaves decorated with scarlet veins. Gladys Taylor pleases with dark pink terry balls.
Very late
In July, the snow-white flowers of the Swan variety open, the fragrant Adonis smells fragrant with golden reflections on the petals, the Moon River amazes with delicate terry hats decorated with blush.
Why don't they bloom
A perennial does not form buds, and if they do appear, they dry out, and do not open. Novice summer residents complain about such problems.
Age
The plant does not bloom immediately after planting. It takes time for it to please with a decorative look:
- In the first year, the peony adapts to new conditions, stems are formed.
- The next 12 months, the number of shoots increases, the tuber becomes thicker and stronger. Sometimes 1-2 buds appear, it is recommended to cut them off.
- In the third year, the plant forms powerful roots, single flowers.
For a few more seasons, the shade of the petals changes, the peony will not be strewn with buds. After a while, the plant will respond to care with a delicate aroma, lush flowering.
Landing place
A site for a peony is selected in the sun. A perennial is uncomfortable when there is a tree or a fence nearby, the plant does not take root where water comes close to the surface. A peony does not bloom if it is shaded from the sun for only a few hours, not protected from a piercing wind and drafts.
Violation of agricultural technology
The perennial does not please with a decorative look when the growth point is deeply buried in the ground. If a hole is dug just before planting, the soil crumbles and pulls the rhizome with it. The peony grows and develops normally, but will not bloom.
The growth point should be left 4–5 cm from the soil surface. If it is not buried at all, the kidneys freeze out in the cold winter.
Too little green mass
In the absence of watering during a prolonged drought and heat, the leaves dry and crumble, and the peony does not have enough strength to form buds.
Lack of nutrients
In order for the decorative perennial to please with lush flowering, the bush needs phosphorus. With an insufficient amount of this trace element, as with a deficiency of potassium, the buds are poorly tied or dry out.
Too much fertilizer
Nitrogen promotes the growth of green mass, which takes nutrients from the bush. With an excess of the mineral, perennials may not form buds.
Abundant flowering in the previous season
In order for peonies to please with delicate hats, the first 2 years you need to prevent the plant from forming buds or breaking them off. Bushes spend a lot of energy on abundant flowering, a large number of nutrients are required for recovery, and the soil is depleted.
In the absence of feeding and pruning for the next year, the peony will not delight with a decorative look, it will not decorate a flower bed or garden.
Lack of light
The plant adores the sun, and if direct rays do not fall on it for just a couple of hours a day, the perennial does not release buds.
Reasons for poor or poor flowering
Peonies do not always delight with a large number of balloons made of delicate petals with a unique aroma.
Diseases
The plant is resistant to pests, is not afraid of insects, but is affected by fungi, when activated, it occurs:
- rust;
- gray rot;
- verticillosis;
- mosaic;
- powdery mildew.
The leaves of peonies become covered with bloom, stripes or spots and dry out. If the plant has time to release buds, it blooms very poorly.
Too acidic soil
A perennial needs a lot of phosphorus and potassium.In order for a plant to please with a decorative look, it needs a slightly alkaline nutritious earth mixed with humus. Peonies do not tolerate soil with high acidity; in order to reduce it, lime is added to the soil.
Lack of moisture
If an ornamental plant is planted in dry ground, do not water it regularly, it will not be able to absorb nutrients from the dried soil. The buds that appear do not have enough strength to bloom profusely.
Improper care
Although the peony is considered an unpretentious plant, it is imperative to take care of it - irrigate, feed, cut. If this is not done, the perennial loses its decorative appearance.
Failure to meet landing dates
When peonies are sent to the open ground too late, the bushes freeze slightly, and it will take a long time for them to move away.
Underdeveloped root system
If an adult peony is not properly looked after, the decorative flower grows, stretches upward, the buds become smaller and weaker, since the perennial lacks nutrients, the root system does not develop well.
Excessive cropping
To form a beautiful crown, peony shoots are shortened, but you shouldn't be especially zealous. The plant will not bloom profusely when it has few leaves, which is observed when pruning branches by a third.
Care rules
In order for peonies to be dotted with exquisite caps of pink, red or snow-white petals for at least 10-15 years, the bushes must be fed, cut, prevented from diseases, and prepared for winter in temperate climates.
Watering mode
Peonies need to be watered abundantly, it is enough to do this once a week. 2 buckets of water are enough for one plant. During flowering, perennials need to be watered less. Most of all, peony is picky about moisture, when buds form, buds form.
Transfer
Wild varieties of an ornamental plant feel comfortable in one place for a very long time, hybrids after 12 years cease to bloom, since the roots grow strongly. In order not to damage them during transplantation, the bush is dug in with pitchforks from all sides and removed from the ground. The peony is shaken off from the soil, kept in the shade for 5-6 hours, and then placed in the soil. In the first season, all the buds are cut off, in the second year one or two are left.
Loosening and weeding
The roots of the flower will develop only with a sufficient amount of nutrients, with air access. After watering and rain, the soil in the flower bed must be loosened, otherwise it will be taken up by a crust. To prevent weeds from drowning out young bushes, you need to weed the flower bed regularly.
Top dressing
During planting, the plants are fertilized, which is enough for the perennial until it begins to bloom. In the third spring, the bushes are watered with potassium permanganate, stirring 2-3 g of powder in a bucket of water. Peonies need both organic matter and mineral complexes. After flowering, the bushes are fed with mullein or bird droppings, which allows them to strengthen the roots. In August, fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus are applied.
Pruning
It is not recommended to shorten the peony shoots immediately after flowering, so that the plant does not get sick. It is better to do this at the end of June, the leaves are not touched, but part of the stem and the dried bud are cut off. Dry and broken branches of tree varieties are harvested in April, healthy shoots are shortened after bud break. Pruning of herbaceous peonies is performed in October.
Preparing for winter
In late autumn, the stems of the flower are shortened, leaving up to 2 cm from the hemp. In temperate climates, the plant is covered for the winter:
- spruce branches;
- compost;
- peat;
- sawdust.
Cut branches are not used as mulch, since insect larvae grow in them. Treelike peonies insulate only in areas where strong winds blow in winter and there is no snow. The shoots are bent to the ground and covered with spunbond, agrofibre.
Protection against diseases and pests
To prevent fungal damage to the flower, the transplanted plant is dipped in copper sulfate. This drug prevents the development of spotting and gray mold, kills larvae of caterpillars and scale insects. In the spring, peonies are watered with a solution of potassium permanganate, the roots are soaked in the "Fitosporin-M" preparation before planting. The fungicide "Maxim" is used to strengthen the plant's immunity.
Major mistakes
A perennial does not bloom, not only if the rules and terms of planting are not followed, if there is no proper care, but also for other reasons.
Violation of the technological cut
Summer residents sometimes greatly shorten the shoots to give the bush a beautiful shape. An ornamental plant does not have enough strength to form buds if there are less than 3 leaves on the shoot when cutting.
Removing wilted flowers, but leaving petals
Pathogenic microorganisms provoke the development of diseases in which both shoots and greens dry out. Spores of fungi, pest larvae feel great in the petals, so they need to be collected and burned.
Preservation of a large number of lateral buds
Although peonies belong to unpretentious plants, any mistake in care leads to the fact that the perennial loses its decorative appearance. The peony will not have enough strength for abundant flowering, if you do not break off the side buds at all, for the development of which nutrients are spent.
Tips for florists
In order for a perennial to delight with beauty, the plant needs to be fed, watered, and the bush must be properly formed.
When and how to cut
The first 2 years are not recommended to leave the buds, then the plant for the third season will delight you with beauty. To keep the flowers in the vase longer, the branches are cut with a sharp pruner early in the morning or after sunset.
Treating diseased leaves
Plants suffer from fungal infections, viruses. Pathogenic microorganisms are transmitted through garden tools, spores and larvae grow in the petals. If the leaves on the bush have begun to turn yellow, the plant is treated with a solution of potassium permanganate or fungicides.
Influence of weather conditions
If the yard is warm and there is no rain, the flowering of the perennial lasts 10-12 days, in the heat, which begins in the south in May, the petals fall off faster, the decorative period is reduced.
What year do they usually bloom for after planting
Peonies produce 2-3 buds for the third season. They are recommended to be cut off, since the bush still does not have enough strength to please with lush balls. Abundant flowering begins in the 4th-5th year, but for this you need to find a sunny place for planting, regularly feed and water, properly cut the plant.
When do they usually fade
On early peonies, the buds open in May, and when the weather is favorable, the petals fall off after ten days. Late spherical varieties of perennial plants bloom after June 25 and delight with sophistication and beauty until July 5.
