Description and characteristics of the Muromets grape variety, pros and cons, growing rules
The popularity of Muromets grapes is difficult to dispute, this variety has many advantages, which have already been noticed by lovers of this wonderful culture. Early ripening times, resistance to unstable climatic conditions are only a small part of the advantages of Muromets. Before growing grapes, it is better to carefully familiarize yourself with the features of care, study the advice of experienced gardeners, this will allow you not to make mistakes that are destructive for the bushes and achieve stable and generous fruiting.
Variety selection
Muromets is grateful for the appearance of the Pobeda and Severny varieties. Grapes were bred in 1962 by Michurinsky TsGL.
The studies and experiments carried out by many gardeners have proved that it is possible to grow a crop in foreign countries and practically throughout Russia. Excellent adaptation, high frost resistance allows you to get excellent yields even in the harsh northern regions.
Features and differences from other varieties
Murom grapes have many advantages over other table varieties. One of them is early ripening. The first harvest will be able to be harvested within 3.5 months after flowering.
Unlike other varieties, Muromets vines do not always support the weight of the bunches. Untimely harvesting causes damage to the lashes.
Pros and cons
Muromets has many advantages, thanks to which the grapes have gained considerable popularity. Among them:
- early ripening;
- high productivity;
- universality of application;
- endurance, resistance to frost;
- adaptation to difficult climatic conditions.
Even experienced gardeners do not notice any drawbacks, except for frequent damage to the vine with high yields.
Description of the hybrid of Ilya Muromets
It is quite easy to recognize the appearance of the Muromets variety - the grapes have some qualities that even a beginner will be able to recognize.
What leaves and shoots look like
The leaves of Murom are medium in size, ovoid with elongated lobes. Usually the top is slightly wrinkled, the surface is matte.
The grape bushes are vigorous, have a powerful main trunk and strong vines that can hardly withstand the considerable weight of the fruit.
Berry taste and appearance
Muromets berries are oval, rather large (up to 5 g). With proper care, bunches reach a kilogram. The shade of the fruit is light pink.
The fruit taste is sweet, has a light nutmeg aroma. The smell is preserved during processing - wine and juice have a wonderful aroma that is easy to distinguish.
Characteristic
The study of the main characteristics is the main rule of successful cultivation of the Muromets variety. Knowing what qualities grapes have, it is easy to provide proper care.
Pollination
To set fruits, you do not need to plant several bushes, Muromets gives heterosexual inflorescences, which allows you to abandon pollinators.
Ripening period of the crop
Muromets grapes are often valued among gardeners for their high taste and early ripening of fruits. The vegetative period of the culture is less than four months.
Frost resistance
One of the distinctive features of this grape variety is frost resistance. Muromets can easily endure even 30-degree frosts, although experienced gardeners recommend not risking bushes and using light shelters.
Disease immunity
Despite its hardiness to unstable climatic conditions, diseases affect the variety quite often. The grapes are affected by gray mold and mildew. The only way to prevent contamination is to use chemicals, although this is often not enough.
Landing requirements
Much in the amount of the future harvest plays the right choice of place when planting, soil preparation with the introduction of the necessary components. You also need to take into account the size of an adult bush.
Appropriate place
For planting young bushes of Muromets, it is recommended to choose the brightest place on the site. Be sure to take care of protecting the grapes from drafts and strong winds. The best place is near buildings or in a cozy corner of the garden.
Required soil composition
Even nutrient-rich black soil needs preliminary preparation for planting grapes. Before planting seedlings, it is recommended to add compost and humus, add a little river coarse sand. Drainage is another prerequisite.
Planting pattern and hole size
Plant rows of bushes, leaving gaps of 2.5-3 m between plants.If a multi-row planting scheme is used, the row spacing should not be less than 2 m.
The size of the hole is up to 50 cm in diameter. The depth depends on the size of the root system, but you need to go deeper into the ground at least 70 cm.
Grape care rules
There will be no particular difficulties in caring for Muromets, the grapes are extremely undemanding and will give a good harvest even without the increased attention of the owner.
Loosening the earth
It is recommended to loosen the soil often, without fresh air, despite regular watering and the introduction of nutrients, the roots of Muromets can die. Simultaneously with loosening, remove weeds, which take away part of the substances necessary for grapes.
Top dressing
The introduction of nutrients is a prerequisite for the successful cultivation of Muromets grapes. During the growing season, fertilizing will have to be carried out at least two times. It is recommended to use mineral formulations.
In the spring, it is allowed to use organic matter, mix the top layer of soil with rotted manure. Do not go deeply - there is a risk of burning the roots.
Pruning
The pruning process is no different from caring for other grape varieties. The main rules to be followed:
- monitor the number of eyes left - there should be no more than twelve;
- avoid damage to shoots when pruning;
- handle young lashes carefully, remove only damaged and dry ones;
- choose shoots of at least 6 cm in diameter for further cultivation.
The process should be carried out in autumn or spring, although experienced gardeners often, even in summer, begin to remove excess lashes.
Prevention of infections and pests
Preventive measures against infectious diseases and pest damage - the timely use of chemicals. Folk remedies often do not give the desired effect, especially if insect colonies have already settled in the garden, or the summer turned out to be too rainy and favorable for the spread of infection.
For prevention, it is recommended to use:
- Avixil;
- "Amistar";
- Bordeaux liquid.
It is recommended to use "Aktara", "Talsar", "Sunmayt" against insects. Partially reducing the number of pests will allow timely removal of fallen leaves, among which many larvae manage to hide.
Preparing for winter
In regions with a warm climate, it is not necessary to cover the Muromets grapes. Despite its high endurance, in cooler areas it is best not to risk bushes and lay a layer of mulch to protect the roots. Use compost, peat, rotted humus as a mulching layer. Lapnik will also do an excellent job.
It is recommended to cover young vines with special geotextiles, which will protect them from death in severe frosts.
How to harvest
Harvesting is not an easy process, so it is better to arm yourself with the necessary knowledge in advance. Fundamental rules:
- use only sharp garden shears, try not to damage the bunches;
- immediately sort out the grapes, sort out large beautiful bunches, send the rest for processing;
- send to a cool place right away, trying not to rearrange the bunches once again - removing the bluish bloom reduces the shelf life.
Another rule for harvesting Muromets grapes is to remove only ripe fruits.
Storage and use of fruits
The recommended temperature for storing Muromets is up to 8 degrees Celsius. Under such conditions, the grapes are able to survive for more than a month without losing their marketability and taste. For storage, it is recommended to use a refrigerator or simply send the berries to the cellar.
Use the fruits for processing - conservation, making wine, juices, compotes. Freezing is another way to preserve berries.
The Muromets grape, as many gardeners have already seen, fully justifies its name - powerful whips during the fruiting period are covered with numerous clusters. With a lot of effort, even beginners who are just starting their difficult path in gardening will succeed in collecting a bountiful harvest of fragrant fruits.
