How to make a trellis for grapes with your own hands, diagrams and sizes of structures
Many gardeners are engaged in growing grapes in the garden. To get a large amount of harvest, you will have to create favorable conditions for growing the plant. Vine bushes need space that does not interfere with their growth. Therefore, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the peculiarities of making grape trellises.
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Why do you need grape trellis?
Before proceeding with the garter, you should understand what a trellis is and what it is used for. A trellis is a special structure that is used to support the branches of grapes. With its help, they will be able to grow freely and not deform during growth. There are a number of advantages to using this design:
- grape stems are evenly distributed and freely stretch towards the sun;
- the quality of the crop is improved by improving the photosynthesis of leaves on the tied branches;
- the number of grape clusters on each branch increases;
- the stems are not deformed or in contact with the ground;
- tied grapes are easier to care for and easier to harvest when ripe.
Also growers are engaged garter grapes to trellisesto keep it safe from pests and diseases. It has been repeatedly proven that tied plants are several times less likely to become infected with fungal and viral diseases.
What are the varieties of tapestries?
It is no secret that there are different types of trellises that are used for garters. It is recommended that you familiarize yourself with each of them in advance so that in the future it will be easier to choose the appropriate variety.
One-plane
The single-plane design is most commonly used by gardeners looking to save land for growing other vegetables or fruits.
Bushes that are attached to such supports are attached in only one plane.
The main advantages of a single-plane design include:
- ease of self-production of trellis;
- low cost of creating a support;
- ease of care for tied plants.
Two-plane
Two-plane products are not very compact and therefore should not be installed in small gardens. Their minimum row spacing should be about three meters. Experienced growers recommend choosing such a trellis for tying the most fertile varieties of grapes grown in the garden.
Tapestries with the letter G
Fasteners made in the shape of the letter L are a type of single-plane products. They are used to make a garden screen from the grown grape vine. For such trellises, varieties are suitable, characterized by a high rate of stem growth.
Arched trellis
The arched option is the most costly of all, since a lot of materials are required for its manufacture. Arches are used to create garden screens, gazebos, garden rooms or alleys. Arched structures are installed when growing tall varieties that can grow up to 4-5 meters in height. These products are not suitable for undersized grape varieties.
How to make grape trellis with your own hands?
The support can be made with your own hands, but before that it is better to familiarize yourself with how to do it correctly.
One-plane
A single-plane support is made of columns that are lined up in one row at a distance of about five meters from each other. Using this design, you can make a vine hedge or fence. At the beginning and at the end of the row, the strongest racks are installed, since it is in this part that the maximum load is. For added security, the posts can be reinforced with slopes or wire braces.
All metal supports are dug into the ground to a depth of at least 50-60 cm. The base of each column can be reinforced with bricks or gravel. When the supports are dug in, wire is pulled along the rows to create a trellis for fastening the vine.
Two-plane
To understand how to make a two-plane trellis, a special scheme and drawings for its manufacture will help. The height of such a structure should be two and a half meters. It is not worth making the trellis higher, so that the large dimensions do not complicate the care of the tied grapes. You can create a structure of this type using wooden pillars. They are dug into the ground or into specially created concrete bases.
After digging in the columns, a garter rope is pulled on both sides of the row.
Methods for forming grapes on a trellis
Forming a bush is a difficult process, with the features of which you should familiarize yourself in advance. There are two main methods that are used in the formation of bushes.
Fanny
When using the fan method, the plants are formed into four stems. To do this, after planting, the weakest shoots are removed and only four main ones are left. When the bushes grow up to 80 cm in height, they are tied to a trellis and the side shoots are removed. A year later, with the onset of spring, additional shoots are re-cut, and 5-6 buds are left on the main ones, which will be responsible for fruiting.
Sleeve
A feature of this method is that the left shoots must be distributed in different directions. Therefore, gardeners advise using this formation method when tying to two-plane trellis. The number of main shoots on the bushes depends entirely on the characteristics of the cultivated variety. If the grapes grow quickly and bear fruit well, more than five main shoots can be left.
Conclusion
Grape growers who have grown grape bushes over the years often tie them to supports. To properly tie plants to trellises, you should familiarize yourself with the types of support structures and the peculiarities of the formation of bushes.
