Description of Zarevo grapes, planting and growing rules
Growing grapes is profitable, because with proper care, the culture gives a rich harvest. When growing Moldovan grapes Zarevo, agrotechnical rules should be strictly observed, since the variety is capricious. A properly cared-for culture pleases with massive clusters of large lilac-pink berries. The taste qualities of the Zarevo variety are high, the fruits have a mild taste without sugary sweetness.
Breeding history
It is believed that the Zarevo variety was created by Moldovan breeders based on the Cardinal and Moldova grapes. The second name of the variety is Roadside.
Today the variety is popular in the southern regions of Russia, in Ukraine.
Description and characteristics of the variety
Zarevo is a mid-late ripeness pink dessert variety intended for fresh consumption. Grapes need a long warm time for the fruits to gain sweetness, so cultivation is possible only in the southern regions, where the autumn cold and heavy rainfall come late.
The vine is strong, intensively growing, ripening by 2/3. It has 30-40 eyes. The bark is reddish brown. Leaves are rich green, with five ends, jagged edges, prominent veins.
The flowers are bisexual, so no special conditions are required for pollination. About 60% of the shoots are fruiting.
Bunch
Drop-shaped, massive. Weighs from 800 g to 2 kg. The berries are snug against each other.
Berry
The berries of the Zarevo variety:
- elongated oval shape;
- dense skin, in a mature state has a pink color, sheen lilac;
- the pulp is pinkish-green, firm, juicy, delicately sweet in taste, without sugary;
- light waxy coating on the surface;
- maturation - 140 days after kidney formation;
- average weight - 12-14 g;
- length - 38 mm, width - 23 mm;
- acidity level - 8 g / l, sugar content - 15%;
- tasting score - 8.5.
Disease resistance
Pest and infection resistance is below average. For prevention, it is necessary to inspect the planting weekly, thin out the shoots, burn fallen leaves in the fall. To prevent fungal infections, spraying with fungicides is carried out in prophylactic doses. Leaves with a whitish bloom and oily spots are immediately cut off and burned.
Advantages and disadvantages of Zarevo grapes
Moldovan grapes Zarevo are popular for:
- large, juicy, tasty berries;
- large and dense brushes;
- stability and quality of the crop (up to 12 kg per plant);
- decorativeness of plantings.
Among the shortcomings, it should be noted:
- sensitivity to waterlogging (the skin of the fruit cracks);
- the need for drainage construction;
- susceptibility to fungal infection and insects;
- the need to install a shelter for the winter (if the temperature drops below -20 ° C).
How to grow a crop?
Variety Zarevo is strong, vigorous, with a strong vine, a high level of fruit ripening. The plant will be healthy and abundantly fruitful, subject to agrotechnical rules when planting.
When to plant a variety?
It can be planted in the fall - from mid-October to frost, and in the spring - from early April to mid-May.
If the seedling was bought in the fall, then you should not postpone the planting in the spring. Indeed, in winter, plants often rot and dry out.
Seat selection
The grapes are thermophilic, they are planted in the southern part of the garden, well lit by the sun, protected from the winds. The best option is placement along the southern wall of the house or fence. Alternatively, you can build a draft-proof structure.
Sandy soil is preferable for the Zarevo variety. In it, the bushes develop rapidly, enough sweetness accumulates in the fruits during the season. Grapes should not be placed in a swampy lowland or in a saline area.
Landing technique
After determining the landing site, prepare the landing holes. They are always made in the fall. The volume of the hole is determined by the size of the root system, the depth is 60-80 cm.
Further work algorithm:
- at the bottom of the hole, drainage from gravel is built;
- add 2 buckets of organic matter (compost, rotten manure), 1.5 kg of ash, 300 mg of the mineral complex;
- a mound of fertile soil is formed on top;
- pour 2 buckets of water;
- grapes with an earthen lump on the roots are placed in a hole so that the root formation zone is 40 cm below the soil surface, and the bud from which the lower shoot develops is 10 cm below the ground;
- grapes are covered with fertile soil up to 5 cm below the bud, tamped, watered with 2 buckets of lukewarm water;
- fill up the remaining soil, but no longer tamp;
- mulch.
If landing in a row is carried out, then they do not dig holes, but a trench. Be sure to put a trellis or other support for the vines.
The Zarevo variety is large and requires a lot of space. Therefore, the seedlings are placed in a row at a distance of at least 2.5 m from each other.
Features of grape care
In order for the harvest to be plentiful and of high quality, the Zarevo grapes must be properly looked after.
Pruning
Cut grapes to increase yields and form large fruits. The vines are removed so that no more than 45 buds remain on the bush. Cut into 6 buds.
Watering and feeding
The grapes develop fully with sufficient moisture. Plants are watered at least 4 times per season:
- after opening the foliage;
- half a month before flowering;
- after the formation of ovaries;
- after harvest.
At a time, a 10-liter bucket of water is poured under the bush.
Do not water the grapes during the flowering phase. This will lead to shedding of flowers and a decrease in yield. Mineral complexes are used for feeding, they are introduced according to the instructions. From organic matter, compost and rotten manure are used once in 2 seasons.
Wintering grapes
At the end of autumn, the vines are lowered from the support onto the ground covered with plywood, covered with spruce paws. Do not put on bare ground, otherwise the shoots will rot.
Disease and pest control
With symptoms of mildew (white bloom and oily leaves), diseased parts of the plant are cut off and burned. For prevention, healthy parts of grapes are treated with Bordeaux solution, copper sulfate, and Antracol.
The Zarevo variety is often affected by the grape leafworm, whose caterpillars devour buds, buds, and young foliage.When butterflies with yellow-brown front and gray hind wings appear, the first thing to do is burn the fallen leaves. 2 weeks after summer, adult insects are sprayed with Zolon, Fury or Talstar. The procedure is repeated after another 2 weeks.
Collection and storage
The ripeness of the grapes is determined by the color of the fruit skin. In the Zarevo variety, it becomes pink, with a lilac tint in the lower part.
Additional signs of maturity:
- lignification of the peduncle;
- easy separation of the berry from the stem;
- decrease in acidity in taste;
- the appearance of the effect of translucency of the skin;
- the seeds acquire a brown color;
- the appearance of a characteristic aroma for grapes.
Harvested in dry weather. When picking grapes, you should try to erase the wax bloom from the fruit as little as possible. Otherwise, the product will lose its presentation and quickly deteriorate.
Zarevo grapes, like all mid-late varieties, can hang on bushes without spoilage until frost. Stored until May under the right conditions. Store it in a ventilated, unlit basement. Bunches of grapes are laid in layers in a container with coniferous sawdust at the bottom, sprinkled with sawdust on top. The grapes are periodically examined, rotten fruits are removed.
