Description and characteristics of the Stroyevskoe apple variety, cultivation and care
The summer resident strives to get the best for his site. Therefore, he is looking for varieties and species that are suitable for growing on a specific site, area and meeting the needs of the family. Apple trees Stroyevskoe have many positive characteristics. Over the years, the culture variety has earned a positive reputation.
The history of breeding the variety Stroyevskoe
The All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops produced this species. Directly involved in its creation were:
- E. N. Sedov;
- Z. M. Serova;
- E. A. Dolmatova;
- V.V. Zhdanov.
The variety was bred in 1980, then its further research was carried out. Just five years after receiving the first fruits, this variety was ranked among the elite species.
Advantages and disadvantages
The plant has many positive characteristics, it is thanks to them that the Stroyevskaya apple tree still remains popular.
Pros:
- High productivity.
- Undemanding care.
- Unpretentiousness.
- Stability of fruiting.
- Frost resistance.
- High immunity.
- Great fruit taste.
- Versatility of application and long shelf life of apples.
- Long fruiting period.
Minuses:
- It takes a very long time to wait for the first fruits, 8-10 years.
Summer residents, knowing about this disadvantage of the apple tree, still acquire it and plant it in the garden. Because the taste of apples and how long the plant then pleases with its fruits compensates for this minus.
External parameters
To carry out competent care, the gardener needs to study the description of the external characteristics of the apple tree. The data obtained will help you choose the right place in the garden, take care of plants.
Dimensions of an adult tree
The apple tree grows short. The maximum height of an adult plant is 4 m. The crown is pyramidal, wide and dense.
If grown with seed stock, the height reaches 5 m.
The summer resident forms the crown on his own, adjusting its height and density.
Annual growth
Crown formation is fast. The shoots are increasing every year. The tree reaches its maximum height in 10-12 years.
Root system
When planting, it should be borne in mind that many apple trees do not like the proximity of groundwater. It is advisable to position it so that the root system receives as much moisture as it needs for growth. Otherwise, the roots will start to rot, the tree will die. The roots go several meters deep and are firmly fixed, forming lateral roots.
Culture specifications
To obtain complete information and make the final decision, the summer resident gets acquainted with the technical characteristics of the tree.
Recommended growing areas
Initially, the variety was acclimatized to the climate of the Moscow region. After it spread throughout the Central strip. Due to its characteristics, Stroyevskoe grows in some regions of Ukraine, Belarus, and the Baltic Republics. The variety became more widespread in the Oryol region.
Resistance to low temperature indicators
Manufacturers guarantee that the wood will withstand temperatures as low as -40 ° C.
Apple tree yield
If the norms of planting and caring for fruit trees are observed, Stroyevskoye gives up to 60 kg per plant.
When a tree bears fruit for the first time
The minus of the apple tree is that it will please with the first fruits only in the 6-10th year of life. Depends on the composition of the soil and the tree itself. There are known cases of the beginning of fruiting in the 5th year. But this is very rare.
Pollinating varieties
To increase yields, it is required to grow a number of apple varieties with the same flowering period. For Stroevsky, varieties are suitable:
- Veteran;
- Kandil Orlovsky;
- Memory of a warrior.
Having them in the garden will give the tree the ability to grow more apples.
Flowering and ripening of the fruit
These periods are different in each region. It all depends on the climatic characteristics of the place of cultivation. The apple tree blooms all May. Ripening occurs at the end of September.When apples are removed from the tree, they are not consumed immediately. After 30 days they eat. They become more aromatic and tasty.
Harvesting and application of the crop
In September, apples are removed from the tree, placed in wooden boxes and placed in special storage rooms. They are consumed fresh, until the beginning of spring and longer.
Also, the fruits are used to prepare juices, jams and other preparations for the winter. They are excellently used as filling for baking.
The frequency of fruiting
With proper care, the tree does not break. The fruits ripen annually.
Planting a seedling on the site
The correct planting technique will help you grow strong trees that will yield a rich harvest. Listening to the advice of experienced summer residents, even a beginner can grow an apple tree.
Optimal timing
It is preferable to plant planting material in the spring, so the plant has more opportunity to root and prepare for winter. They are planted before the start of sap flow. If the summer resident decides to plant in the fall, then it is necessary to choose the time so that the plants take root, but go into growth.
Required soil composition
Any fruit tree thrives on fertile soils. Stroevskoe prefers the following types of soil:
- sod-podzolic;
- gray forest soil;
- black soil.
Other types of soils, moderately acidic and slightly alkaline in composition, are also suitable.
Disembarkation scheme and technology
Severely thickened plantings have a bad effect on growth and fruiting, therefore, it is necessary to maintain a distance of 3 m between trees. The pit is prepared in advance, humus and complex mineral fertilizers are introduced beforehand.
The seedling is placed in a planting pit, covered with soil so that the graft site or root collar remains above the ground.
How to properly care for a tree
The future harvest of the apple tree depends on care. By adhering to the rules, the summer resident will receive the declared harvest volume.
Top dressing
At first, the tree does not need anything, it has enough of those fertilizers that were applied during planting. Then pour mullein infusion and apply mineral fertilizers, alternating between them.
Watering
Water it regularly, as the top layer of the soil dries out. Young trees especially need frequent watering.
Crown formation
Every spring and autumn, the Stroevskoe apple tree needs formative pruning. Branches shorten and restrict growth. Then the tree grows short and gives a bountiful harvest. In addition to formative, sanitary pruning is required. Remove dry, diseased and deformed branches.
Seasonal processing
The high immunity of the Stroyevskaya apple tree provides for preventive treatment against diseases. Do it in spring and autumn. Plants are treated with chemicals or folk remedies.
Preparing an apple tree for winter
The high winter hardiness of the tree allows you to grow apple trees without taking special measures to prepare for the winter. The exceptions are the regions of Siberia and the Urals. It is recommended to form the crown so that it is completely covered with snow during the winter.
How to grow an apple tree on a dwarf rootstock
Growing apple trees on a dwarf rootstock has pluses. The tree bears fruit earlier and is easier to cover for the winter in regions with harsh winters.
Planting, growing and caring for a tree is the same. The Stroyevskaya apple tree has many advantages; with proper care, it gives a bountiful harvest of tasty fruits.
