The best and most productive varieties of tomatoes for open ground and greenhouses in the Urals
Most of the gardeners in our country are growing tomatoes. This culture is quite often used to create canned food and various vegetable dishes. Tomatoes are very fond of warmth and therefore, in regions of the country with a cold climate, problems may arise during cultivation. For such areas, it is recommended to buy tomato varieties for the Urals. They easily tolerate sudden temperature changes and other climatic features of the region.
Requirements for tomatoes
To choose the best tomato varieties for the Urals, you need to familiarize yourself with the basic requirements for them.
Tomatoes are very thermophilic, therefore it is necessary to grow tomatoes for open ground in the Urals at temperatures over 25 degrees. For the Urals and Siberia, such a temperature indicator is quite high and because of this, bushes have to be grown in greenhouse conditions. If you observe the optimal temperature regime, then the best yielding tomatoes will begin to give the first fruits a hundred days after planting.
However, the rate of ripening can also be affected by such characteristics of the variety as frost resistance and early maturity. The growing season of varieties for the Middle Urals should not exceed one hundred days.
Modern breeders have developed the best tomato varieties for the Urals. Most often they have two-chambered or multi-chambered fruits, which are covered with dense skin. If tomatoes for the Urals have a large number of chambers, then they have thick and dense partitions. These varieties are distinguished by their meatiness and juiciness. It is possible to grow some varieties of tomatoes in the open field in the Urals or in greenhouses. They even tolerate severe frosts and temperature changes without any problems.
The main requirements for tomatoes that can be grown in the Middle Urals include:
- Resistant to temperature extremes. Growing tomatoes in cold climates is quite often accompanied by strong temperature changes. They can even be observed in greenhouses. In the daytime, they can get very hot, and at night they cool down rapidly. In such conditions, even fruitful varieties of tomatoes will not have good yields.
- Fast formation and ripening of tomatoes. Greenhouses are often left open in summer. Because of this, spores of dangerous fungi get inside, which can infect plants with this or that disease. Therefore, it is recommended to plant only those varieties that can ripen before they catch the disease.
- Transportability.The fruits must not deteriorate for a long time so that they can be transported over long distances.
- Resistance to infections and diseases. Such plants not only get sick less, but also have a good yield.
Greenhouse varieties
To figure out which varieties of tomatoes are best planted in greenhouses, you need to familiarize yourself with their characteristics. There are several varieties of tomatoes that are best planted indoors rather than outdoors.
Lelya
These early determinant tomatoes begin to ripen after 100 days of planting in a greenhouse. The bushes of the plant are not too tall and grow only up to 60 cm in height, so they can be grown without pinching and tying to special supporting elements. The bush is covered with a small amount of green leaves. Also, small inflorescences form on it over time. The first appears above the eighth leaf, and all subsequent ones are formed through one leaf.
The fruit has an almost perfect round shape, is red in color and tastes great. The most productive bushes bring about 5-8 kg of tomatoes. The weight of each individual fruit is 180 grams. Low-growing Lelya tomatoes are used for processing, canning or making fresh vegetable salads.
The main advantages are:
- tolerance of low and high temperatures;
- disease resistance.
Titanic
Ideal for growing in the Urals. Titanic is a mid-season tomato, the first shoots of which appear within 120 days. His bushes are very low and grow only up to 45-55 cm. Tomato seeds are recommended to be planted only in greenhouses, since they will grow worse outside.
The fruits of the Titanic are beautiful in appearance. They are covered with a dark red skin. The size of mature tomatoes is not very large and is only 100-115 grams. The largest fruits are located in the lower part of the plant and grow up to 200 grams. They have a sweet sugar taste that is completely sour.
If you take proper care of the Titanic, then more than five kilograms of tomatoes can be harvested from one plant.
Such tomatoes for growing in the Urals have their own positive qualities, which include:
- high level of productivity;
- resistance to most diseases;
- tolerance of lack of moisture.
Kostroma
Many gardeners, when looking for the best varieties for the Urals, are faced with tomato Kostroma... A feature of this Siberian selection is that it has an excellent taste, which distinguishes it from other varieties. Due to this, Kostroma tomatoes are often used in cooking. Housewives make excellent vegetable salads and canned food out of it.
Tomato bushes grow very quickly and therefore the fruits begin to ripen quite early. Within 90 days after planting, it will be possible to get the first crop. The fruits of Kostroma are covered with a red skin. The average weight of each tomato is about 120-130 grams. The largest tomatoes are found on the lower stems and weigh over 150 grams. The yield of this variety is quite good - about 5-6 kilograms of fruit are obtained from the bush.
This Ural tomato has some advantages:
- the possibility of long-term storage;
- early maturation;
- good yield;
- tolerance to low humidity.
Wonderful lady
It is recommended that the planting of this Siberian selection be carried out only in greenhouses. During cultivation for a hundred days, rather large red fruits appear on the bushes.
The fair lady is not a very tall plant. Adult bushes grow only up to 50 centimeters, which makes it possible to abandon the occasional tying to high supports. Over time, small clusters appear on the bushes, which contain 5-8 fruits weighing 210 grams.
The main advantages of the variety are resistance to a number of diseases, low lighting levels and abrupt weather changes.
Open field tomatoes
Some new varieties that are grown in the Trans-Urals can be planted even in the open field. Therefore, before choosing the best tomato seeds for outdoor use, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with known varieties.
Alsou
A distinctive feature of Alsou is that its fruits ripen very early. Literally 70 days after planting the seedlings, the first tomatoes begin to sing. This variety can be grown in the northern and southern regions.
The plant grows up to 80 centimeters, so you will have to tackle the bushes to protect against strong gusts of wind and other loads. The fruits differ from other varieties, as they have a ribbed surface. Unripe tomatoes have a greenish tint and a dark light green spot located in the area of the stalk. After ripening, it completely disappears and the fruit turns completely red. Ripe tomatoes are used during the preparation of fresh juice, conservation and various vegetable dishes.
Berdsky
The Perm Territory and Yekaterinburg are perfect for growing this variety. Berdsky tomato is distinguished by its large fruits and high yield. With proper cultivation of bushes, their height can exceed one meter. Therefore, you will have to tie them to the supports. Also, during cultivation, you should engage in the formation of bushes. To get the most tomatoes, it is recommended to form the plant into two stems.
The shape of the fruit is no different from most other varieties, since they are also round. However, their mass stands out, which in some cases is 750-800 grams. Most often, such large tomatoes are located below, and smaller fruits are located on top. Berdsk tomatoes are used to make sauces, juices and vegetable salads.
Gina
Gina is a popular large-fruited variety that can be grown in the Urals. Its bushes are not too large and at best grow up to 55 centimeters. However, you still have to tie them up, since the fruits are too large and the plant can break under their weight. The bushes are resistant to root rot, fusarium, TMV and verticillium.
5-6 fruits are formed on one hand. They are rounded and slightly flattened at the top. The average weight of each tomato is 400-500 grams. They are covered with a dense and thick skin, under which there is a juicy sweetish pulp. The main advantage of fruits is the duration of their storage. If you create optimal conditions for storing tomatoes, then they will not lose their marketable quality for two months.
King of Siberia
The cultivation of this variety is very popular among gardeners who prefer to grow large-fruited tomatoes. It was developed relatively recently by domestic scientists. The King of Siberia was created specifically to plant him in a cold and unstable climate.
The bushes of this selection are quite tall and can grow up to two meters. Therefore, during planting, it is recommended to install supports near each plant, to which they can be tied.
The king of Siberia has large fruits weighing about 800 grams. When grown properly, the largest tomatoes can even grow up to one kilogram. The fruits are very juicy and fleshy, which is why they are used to make ketchup. Due to their large size, tomatoes are rarely used for conservation.
Alpha
This variety is one of the best tomato varieties for the Urals. It grows well in such an area, as it copes well with an unstable climate and temperature changes.
Alpha's bushes are low - the average height is 40 centimeters.It is recommended to periodically remove stepchildren from the plant so that the lower part of the stem becomes more stable and strong. Over time, small leaves appear on the bush, which in appearance resemble potato leaves.
Rounded fruits are covered with red skin and slightly flattened at the edges. Alpha cannot boast of large tomatoes, as they average 50-60 grams.
Care
You need to properly care for any varieties of tomatoes, since it is quite difficult to grow good fruits without this.
Watering
All tomatoes need regular watering. However, you cannot do this too often. It is recommended to moisten the soil only after it begins to dry out strongly. The number of waterings increases during the formation of the first ovaries. If you rarely water the bushes at this time, the ovaries will disappear and the number of fruits will significantly decrease.
It is recommended to wet the soil using a drip method. This method has several advantages. Its use increases the amount of yield and keeps young bushes from top rot. You can also add some ash to the water to reduce the likelihood of disease.
Top dressing
It is necessary to apply top dressing to the soil three times per season. However, some growers do this every two to three weeks. Various fertilizers can be used as top dressing. The main thing is that they contain a sufficient amount of potassium and phosphorus. Self-prepared mixtures are most often used. To create top dressing, you can mix ten liters of water with 50 grams of potassium and 70 grams of superphosphate.
You can also add various micronutrient fertilizers to the soil. Magnesium and boron are often used. In this case, boron is used only after the first flowers appear on the bushes.
Garter
Only tall sweet varieties of tomatoes are tied up, since their stems most often cannot cope with gusts of wind and heavy loads from the fruits. Plants are tied to special stakes, which are recommended to be placed near each bush. For this, supports with a height of one and a half meters are used. They dig into the ground to a depth of 35-45 centimeters.
You can also tie bushes to a wire. It stretches between the supports along each row. It is necessary to use a strong wire so that it does not sag strongly under the load of large fruits.
Formation of bushes
Almost all vegetable growers are engaged in removing stepchildren and forming bushes. This is done to improve yields and get larger fruits. Most often, only one main stem is left during formation. However, some varieties can be formed into several. Quite often, cherry tomatoes are formed into two stems, which are grown in warm climates.
Conclusion
It is quite easy to choose the best tomato variety for the Urals. To do this, it is enough to familiarize yourself with the most common varieties and study the reviews of people who grow them.
