50 varieties of iris varieties with descriptions and characteristics

It is difficult to find a suburban area where irises do not grow. Expressive luscious greenery, flowers of exquisite shapes and colors evoke the universal love of flower growers. They are grown in flower beds and in apartments. Irises differ in variety - from low dwarfs 10-40 centimeters tall, to slender tall giants that grow above a meter. Consider the main varieties of garden irises - by type, variety, color and shape of flowers.

Varieties of irises: general summary

Irises are perennial plants, divided into bulbous and rhizome. Most of the species have a delicate aroma, for which they are used in perfumery to obtain essential oils. In nature, they grow in steppes, often found on slopes with rocky soil.

Up to 60 species grow in Russia, the number of garden varieties is in the thousands. Flowers are distinguished by their large size and exquisite shape, the color is varied, for which the plant is called "iris" - a rainbow, translated from Greek.

Plants are classified according to flowering time, flower shape, stem height and other characteristics.

The most significant characteristic is beardiness - the presence of hairs on the outer perianth. According to the international classification, irises are divided into 15 classes. Let's consider the most popular and decorative ones.

Bearded irises

The pubescence of the outer perianth is the main feature of these flowers. This large group includes 8 classes out of 15. These flowers look great in flower beds and in bouquets. Tall species grow above a meter, the inflorescence bears up to 12 buds.

An undoubted advantage for growing in Russia is frost resistance - the plants do not need to be covered for the winter, they multiply quickly and are resistant to pests. The most decorative varieties:

• Supreme Sultan;
• Sultan Palace;
• Vizier;
• Champagne Waltz.

Multicolored, with delicate carved edges, a strong pleasant smell - bearded men are especially loved by flower growers.

Dwarf irises

Cute dwarfs are a godsend for small flower beds and lawns. The main difference is the decorative variegated foliage that can decorate the site after flowering all season. One plant often has 2-3 peduncles. Bushes do not grow higher than 40 centimeters, often even shorter - about 20.

Flowers - decorative and elegant, like those of tall relatives. Some varieties are frost-hardy and unpretentious, there are plants that require special care. Popular varieties of dwarfs:

• Tinker Bell;
• Pappet;
• Sapphire Jam;
• Carat;
• Dark Over.

Low plants are planted along the edges of flower beds, picking together varieties that are harmonious in color.

Bulbous irises

Most types of irises have a growing rhizome, bulbous varieties are singled out separately in Holland. By purchasing Dutch bulbs, you can grow a beautifully beautiful plant in the open field and at home in a flowerpot.

About 800 varieties are known. The most popular are the following:

• Alida;
• Katharine Hodkin;
• Dunford;
• Pauline.

To get beautiful flowers, you need to carefully select the bulbs, purchase them from trusted suppliers.

Siberian irises

A separate class of irises with a hollow stem and a triangular stigma. Belonging to the non-bearded group, these species are most common in nature.

They differ from other irises in smaller flowers and a large number (up to 40) of buds on a peduncle. Some varieties bloom for up to a month. The best representatives of the group:

• Alba;
• Big Ben;
• Super Ego;
• Double Standard.

Siberian varieties are resistant to weather fluctuations and unpretentiousness.

Swamp irises

Swamp varieties came to flower growers from reservoirs and swampy areas, but the plants thrive on lawns with moist soil and high groundwater levels. With good and regular watering, the flowers are lush, bright.

Swamp irises will decorate the shore of a natural reservoir or the edge of an artificial one near the house. The best varieties:

• Bastard;
• Kurlen;
• Roy Davidson;
• Holden Clough.

Bearded irises breed well near water, decorating the shore of the reservoir with a picturesque group.

Japanese irises

Japanese irises are distinguished by an almost horizontal position of the petals, which increases the size of the flower. The rosettes are very open, the diameter is 15-25 centimeters. Bred for humid climates, so they grow well near bodies of water and need frequent watering.

Among the best varieties are Lilac Smoke, Vasily Alferov, Kogesho.

Tip: Japanese species do not tolerate excess calcium in the soil, they require high soil moisture.

Groups of bearded irises by color

Bearded irises are the largest and most beloved group of garden flowers. By color, they are divided into several main groups:

• monochromatic - all colors of the rainbow and even more;
• two-tone - one color, with shade options;
• two-color - bottom and top of different colors.

Also, the color of the neglect stands out - a complex combination of blue-violet shades.

White

White irises are a rarity in our flower beds. Snow-white petals sometimes have small blotches at the core of a bright tone, which enliven the flowers. Famous varieties - White Nights, Bianca, Immortality, Lacy Snowflake, Lady Snowflake.

Blue

Irises of the color of the sky are frequent guests of flower beds. Breeders spend a lot of effort to get blue roses or gladioli, and there are many varieties of blue irises.

Blue irises are distinguished by tenderness and sophistication, they are planted next to blue or purple flowers, creating wonderful combinations. The best varieties are Divine Duchess, Lake Placid, Superman.

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Blue

Bright and cold blue flowers are noticeable in any flower garden, they look spectacular in a bouquet. Blue irises are not uncommon; the most favorite varieties are Honky Tonk Blues, Dusky Challenger, Victoria Falls, Sapphire Zarya.

Purple

Irises of purple hues are usually combined with delicate flowers of white and pink tones to dilute the intensity of their color. The best purple hybrids are Explosive, Lady Vanessa, Smile, Cupid-Father.

Lilac

The delicate color of lilac is loved by most summer residents. These irises go well with light and purple flowers. Good choice - Attention, Mriya, Super Model.

Red

Red flowers are always particularly eye-catching, standing out against greenery. Popular among red irises are New Centurion, Play with Fire, Rhett.

Pink

Delicate flowers of pink-apricot shades do not stand out so brightly in flower beds, but they look great in bouquets and apartments. They are best viewed at close range to enjoy all the nuances of colors. Representatives - Windsor Rose, Adorable Pink, Lace and Ruffles.

Yellow

Yellow irises look harmonious against the background of greenery, cheerful and bright. They cheer up with their sunny colors - Martile Rowland, Muffin, Autumn Fiesta.

Orange and brown

Warm colors are loved by all growers. In combination with cold ones, they create multicolor in flower beds and delight with exquisite combinations. The best hybrids with shades of orange and brown are Brown Lasso, Sunset in Avalon, Silkyrim, Gambler.

Black

Many people love the gloominess of the dark shades of irises among the bright greenery of the garden. Gothic lovers should pay attention to the varieties - Before the Storm, Night Game, Black Dragon.

Varieties of bearded irises according to the height of the bush

Peduncle height is one of the main characteristics of the variety, which is taken into account when planting to create harmonious flower beds. This indicator is also important for the use of cut flowers.

Tall bearded irises

The tall varieties include plants with a stem longer than 70 centimeters, the tallest grow up to 120 centimeters.

Thanks to the dense stem, irises proudly bear their beautiful heads and stand perfectly in bouquets.

Supreme Sultan

The flower stands out for its bright noble appearance in any area, is dearly loved by flower growers. The flower diameter is 15-20 centimeters. The upper part is an intense yellow-orange color, the petals lowered down are maroon.

In a peduncle up to 7 flowers, the stem grows up to 90 centimeters. Due to its good winter hardiness, it is grown everywhere in Russia.

Thornbird

Iris of a noble cream shade, has the shape of an orchid. Fouls - mustard color with green. Peduncle stretches up to 0.8 meters, flowering in June-July, abundant. It tolerates the weather features of the Middle Strip

Sultan Palace

The beauty of any flower garden has a pronounced red color with veins of a different tone. The beard is yellow. The petals are slightly corrugated along the edge. It grows up to 15 centimeters in diameter. The stem is up to a meter. Blooms for a long time, winter-hardy.

Weibrant

The lush, corrugated flowers of the yellow Weibrant are visible in any flower bed. This iris is hard to miss. The color is intense gold, the petals are dense. The stem reaches 85 centimeters, the quality of flowers does not deteriorate for many years.

Medium bearded irises

Irises with an average stem size tolerate frost better and show greater resistance to bacteriosis than tall plants. Among the medium-sized irises, there are many wonderful varieties.

Blaches

Iris Germanic, combines two colors - blue and blue-violet. The light blue upper petals have dark streaks. It grows up to 65 centimeters, is characterized by unpretentiousness and resistance to frost.

Realgar

Flowers reach 12 centimeters in diameter. The top of the flower is pronounced yellow. The lower petals have a complex color - there are white stripes against a muted crimson background. Used to decorate borders.

C.J.

Snow-white iris petals are edged with a blue-blue border. The flower is lush and airy at the same time, the diameter is up to 12 centimeters. The stem is medium in size - 60 centimeters. Blooms in late May and June.

Dwarf bearded irises

Dwarf bearded vultures are inferior to tall irises only in stem size. The size of the flowers and the sophistication of colors in short, bearded irises do not differ from ordinary ones.

Black Cherry Delight

One of the smallest varieties with a stem 15 centimeters long. The peduncle bears one flower - the petals are white-cream, with dull veins, on the lower ones there is a purple spot in the center.

Doll Die

The exquisite flowers of dwarf iris resemble daffodils in color - white-yellow, cheerful, spring. The flower is refreshed by a lilac beard. The bearded dwarf blooms in May-June.

Pink Castion

The bush grows up to 20 centimeters. Flowers - pale pink, with a slight double petals. The beard has a darker pink hue.

Popular types of Siberian irises

The large group of Siberian irises numbers over 800 hybrids. They belong to the beardless species, have smooth dense petals.

Reference: Siberian irises fully confirm their name - they are unpretentious, tolerate frost well.

The Snow Queen

An original flower with narrow snow-white petals. The petioles of the petals are lemon yellow. The flower is delicate and airy. The foliage is narrow, curved in a thin arc. The bush reaches 90 centimeters.

Dance ballerina dance

The lower petals are similar to a ballet tutu, the upper ones, according to tradition, are raised upward, of a delicate pink color. The color of the lower petals is brighter, the color is pink-lilac, closer to the center are small dashed lines of an even darker tone. The stem is 80 centimeters.

Lady Vanessa

The Lady Vanessa variety has collected several shades of blue-violet. The lower petals are wide open, with a pronounced bluish-lilac tone with white, shaded spots in the center. The central petals are lighter and thinner. The bushes are massive and tall.

Double Standard

Belongs to terry varieties, the number of petals is 6-12. A juicy blue-violet flower - lush and large. The lower petals have beautiful yellow spots with strokes. The plant is tall and stable, with up to 5 flowers on a peduncle, blooming together.

Kablue

It blooms in May, pleases the eye with a long flowering period lasting 3-4 weeks. Flowers - large, densely double. The number of petals is more than 18. It has a rich blue-violet color, the lower petals have spots of yellow-orange color.

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Bundle of Joy

A favorite of summer residents has stuffed flowers of a purple-pink hue. The lower petals are horizontal with blue signals. The stem grows up to 70-90 centimeters, dense and firm.

Varieties of Japanese irises

Japanese iris varieties have large flowers and expressive greenery. In the inflorescence - 3-5 flowers, the total flowering time is about 3 weeks.

Kogesho

The most beautiful representative of Japanese varieties. A flower of exquisite shape - with a strongly open rosette. The petals are snow-white with lilac-purple streaks and delicate yellow strokes in the center. A dense, stable stem grows above a meter.

Vasily Alferov

The peduncle of this variety rises to 110 centimeters, bears flowers of a purple hue with small bright spots of yellow. The lower petals are large, slightly pulled down.

The lion king

A flower of an unusual shape with narrow, bizarre petals. The color of the petals combines several warm shades - yellow, bronze, purple-brown. The lower petals are densely shaded. Iris grows up to 75 centimeters.

Varieties of water-loving irises

The best place for planting these species is on the shores of reservoirs, where plants grow rapidly and bloom profusely. In the absence of shallow water, they require acidic soils and abundant watering.

Berlin Tiger

Iris has a brindle color - on a yellow background, a thick red-brown shading. Petals are not wide, lowered down. Small flower - 10 centimeters on a stem 70 centimeters high.

Variegata

The decorative effect of this iris is provided by lush, bright foliage, which retains its shape even after flowering. Flowers - yellow, medium-sized hiding among the greenery. Good only in a flower bed.

Flore Plena

Terry variety of marsh iris of bright yellow color. On the lower petals there are small specks of a brown hue in the form of dull stripes. The flower is delicate and decorative, blooms in June.

Varieties of bulbous irises

Domestic breeders do not distinguish bulbous species as a separate class. The main producer of bulbous varieties is Holland, which supplies its irises to all countries. There are three main classes of bulbous crops.

Iridodictium

Low bulbous irises are sometimes called snowdrops for their early flowering. Foliage and flower stalks grow together as soon as the snow melts. Peduncles do not grow above 15-20 centimeters, while leaves can grow up to 50. Flowers are delicate, one per peduncle. The most popular species are Dunford (yellow), reticulated Iridodictium (purple), Paulin.

Xyphyum

For many years in our country they were grown only in apartments, like a pot culture. The main difference is the increased requirements for sunlight. The stem grows up to 60 centimeters. For the winter, the bulbs are dug up and stored in a cool, dark place. The best varieties are Symphony (delicate white-orange flowers with thin petals), Frans Halls, Wedgwood, Ideal, Yellow Queen, Emperor.

Juno

It belongs to the most original types of irises. The stem is dense, with leaves. Flowers are distinguished by a special structure, color - white, blue, yellow and orange tones. Plants are usually short, rarely growing up to 50 centimeters. They usually bloom early - mid-spring.

Unusual varieties of irises

Irises obtained by interspecific crosses are sometimes difficult to classify into specific groups. They stand apart, differ in their unusual appearance, often resemble orchids or other flowers, and bear little resemblance to the familiar irises.

Chrysographers

A little-known variety of irises, cultivated in China. Chrysographs do not differ in dense abundant foliage, the bushes decay, loose and loose. Flowers - with graceful narrow petals, having strokes and spotting in the lower part. These varieties rarely enter the market, so you rarely find them in flower beds.

Spuria

A little known species of spuria is rarely found in our flower beds. Flowers are similar in shape to orchids, the lower petals are narrower than most irises. Each flower lives up to a week, the whole plant blooms for several weeks. The varieties Golden Lady, Sultan’s Sash, Imperial Bronze are popular in Russia.

Louisiana

Breeders of the United States are working on the rare species of Louisiana irises in the eastern hemisphere. They are found only in botanical gardens, as they require special conditions of detention. In the USA, these varieties are used for planting near bodies of water.

Famous varieties include Longue Vue (white-cream), Classiсal Nоte (yellow-orange), Ice Angel (blue).

California irises

Natural species of irises are native to the Pacific Ocean. Grow well in acidic soils. The flowers are medium-sized, they are not particularly decorative. They reproduce hard, so they did not receive wide distribution. The bush is evergreen, with narrow glossy foliage. Siberian-Californian hybrids are more common, free from most of the problems of purely Californian irises.

Repeating flowering varieties

Certain iris varieties grown in warm regions with long summers are capable of blooming twice a season. They are called reblooms or remontants. In August-September, they throw out a peduncle again during the season and delight with another flowering.

Immortality

The Immortality variety is classified as remontant. The first time the iris blooms in May, re-flowering with timely feeding - August-September. The flowers are white, large, the beard is yellow.

Jennifer Rebecca

Exquisite large pink flowers with fringed petals.The beard is orange. The stem rises up to 80 centimeters, firm and strong.

Mother Earth

The petals are lilac-pink, the lower ones are brighter. Small blotches of yellow - in the center of the petals and on the beard. The peduncle bears up to 9 buds. Blooms in June, the stem is high - 90 centimeters.

Harvest memories

Monochromatic flower of muted yellow color. Grows on a tall stem. Blooms again in August. The foliage is waxy, the rosette is dense, the leaf is narrow, xiphoid.

Autumn date

White flower petals are densely covered with dusting and strokes of a blue-lilac shade. The overall impression is a bluish purple iris. It almost always blooms again.

Irises are the favorites of landscape designers and florists. Having correctly selected the varieties for the flower bed, they achieve a long flowering of the group. Greens of many varieties remain decorative for most of the summer. Flowers are adorned with alpine slides, grown in flowerpots and on window sills. From irises they create bouquets that delight for a long time with exquisite beauty.