Description and characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of Brilliant grapes, cultivation
Taste qualities, a large number of substances beneficial to human health, the source of which are grapes, is only one of the reasons for the desire of people to grow a southern culture in a climate different from its usual growing place determined by nature. Shiny Grape Bushes - a hybrid bred for cultivation in central Russia and the northern regions.
Description of the grape variety Brilliant
The variety is very early ripening, the growing season lasts about 95 days. The weight of each bunch does not exceed 1 kg. In terms of resistance to some grape diseases, Brilliant is inferior to the parent variety Victoria. Easily tolerates frosts down to -23 ° C without shelter. As a covering culture, it is planted even in Siberia.
Breeding history
The Brilliant Grape is a cross between the Original White and Victoria. The selection was carried out by scientists from the Novocherkessk Research Institute in 2005. Brilliant is included in the register as recommended for growing in Ukraine, Krasnodar Territory, Moldova.
Despite the recommendations of scientists, according to the opinions of winegrowers, the Brilliant grape variety grows well in temperate climates and in the north.
Description of the bush
Saplings gain strength quickly, in the bush every season up to 48% of the shoots are fruitful. It is necessary to normalize the yield by cutting off each shoot in the fall to 6 eyes, and in the spring by removing excess clusters.
The high attractiveness of the plant and the bunches while they are on the vine is used in landscape design. Here, the minus of the heterogeneity of the color of the berries, which spoils the presentation of the grapes, is considered a plus.
Advantages
Grape variety Brilliant possesses:
- high yield;
- adaptability to different climatic conditions and soils;
- early ripening;
- yield stability;
- frost resistance;
- disease resistance;
- transportability;
- keeping quality;
- lack of tendency to pea.
Berries of the table grape variety Brilliant received a high tasting rating.
disadvantages
The disadvantages include:
- Uneven color of berries - there are green, yellow, pink shades that do not indicate ripeness.
- For the hybrid variety, drip irrigation is recommended, but it leads to premature wilting of the leaves.
- Wasps are very fond of sweet thin-skinned berries.
In addition to coloring, all the shortcomings can be eliminated through proper care - the introduction of "Blue-Bordeaux" and "Cosaida" under the vines, the methodical removal of hornets' nests from the vineyard, preventing their appearance.
Characteristic
The Brilliant grape variety is extremely unpretentious and not picky about care. The only condition that must be remembered is that fertile soil must be mixed in a 1 to 1 ratio with sand.
High yield
Correct soil preparation, drainage and the introduction of specialized dressings that prevent leaves from withering, rationing are the key to the usefulness of the crop. The taste of which is not affected by either drought or cool weather conditions.
Early maturation
The earliest fruiting of the variety in the open field corresponds to the ripening of berries in Ukraine and in the southern regions of the Russian Federation in the last decade of July. In the temperate continental climatic zone, the Brilliant grape variety can be picked from August 1, which is only a week later than in the south of the country.
It tolerates frost well
- 23 ° C is the lower threshold that the Shiny vine will carry without damage. In regions where the air temperature drops below the critical point for grapes in winter, the plant will be protected by covering with plastic wrap or agrofibre. In the northern regions, more serious measures will be required in the form of wooden fencing and the formation of snowdrifts.
With the covering method of cultivation, the variety has fruit-bearing shoots of 48.6% with 62% of blossoming buds.
Disease resistance
The variety's resistance to fungal infections with mildew moidium is above average. Resistance to gray rot in warm regions is increased, and in areas with high humidity, this disease can affect the plant if the groundwater is close to the ground and the soil is insufficiently drained.
Shiny requires preventive treatment for diseases:
- anthracnose;
- chlorosis;
- bacteriosis;
- rubella;
- bacterial cancer.
Insecticidal and fungicidal spraying will protect the vineyard from most ailments.
Taste qualities of berries
Juicy pulp is hidden behind a delicate thin skin. The taste has pronounced nutmeg notes, which favorably set off the sweet-sour balanced taste. The juice from the Brilliant grape contains 18% sugars and 6.7 g / l of acids.
Disembarkation
Planting Shiny can be done in October and April. Planting holes are prepared in autumn, a week before pre-winter planting and six months before spring planting. Dense soils must be made more permeable to water by mixing with sand. Neutralize acidity with ash. An insufficiently fertile layer must be enriched with compost, humus, manure. This grape variety does not like mineral dressing.
Growing up and grooming
Much depends on proper care. A garter on trellises will help open the berries to the sun, the choice for planting the southern side of the site. In this case, it is necessary to protect the thermophilic plant from contact with cold winds. When tying shoots, it is recommended to place the vine horizontally.
Pruning
The strength of the shoots contributes to endurance, so that heavy bunches do not break the vine, it is necessary to cut the shoots to the 6th eye, so the bush will not consume life-giving juices on thin shoots of little promise during wintering and vegetative period. Pickling is carried out both during the ripening of the crop and during planned pruning.
Irrigation arrangement
Drip irrigation is a necessity when caring for the Brilliant grape variety, it does not tolerate irrigation spraying, water falling on the leaves provokes burns and wilting. Pipes with holes for drip distribution of moisture are laid on the ground.The size and shape of the holes are chosen so that they are not clogged with soil and foliar dressings useful for the plant
Top dressing
Root feeding of the Brilliant grape variety is excluded, only foliar application of nutrients is useful to it. Growth stimulants are also contraindicated for this hybrid, the plant easily takes root and grows intensively without their help.
Protection from diseases and pests
Treating the vine with fungicides before flowering in spring and before sheltering the plant for the winter will save the plant from most diseases. The beginning of disease prevention begins with the selection of a planting site - grapes of this variety must be planted as far as possible from drupe fruit trees, gooseberries.
As protection from wasps spoiling the crop, it is recommended to hide the vineyard behind a mosquito net.
Preparing bushes for winter
Every autumn, the vine must be removed from the trellises, covered with plastic greenhouse film or agrofibre. In cold areas, a 10 cm earth mound can be made over the sheeting.
Harvesting and storage
At low positive temperatures, stable room humidity, Shiny is stored for a long time. If the grapes are intended for storage, then they need to be harvested at the stage of technical maturity; for the preparation of desserts, more mature berries are needed - they have more sugars.
Due to the not very attractive look, it rarely goes on sale, it will be bought only by those who are familiar with the peculiarities of the variety and its high taste. For long-term storage, jellies, confitures, preserves, marshmallows and other sweets are prepared from this grape variety.
