Description of the variety and characteristics of the grapes Original, cultivation and yield
Original grapes are distinguished by high productivity and non-capriciousness. It can be grown in the climatic conditions of Central Russia. The grape has a sweet, pleasant taste, without a specific aftertaste. This variety belongs to the table variety, that is, it was originally intended for fresh consumption. Despite this, winegrowers successfully make homemade wine from the Original.
Description and characteristics of the variety
Original grapes have several varieties. They have minimal differences in technical characteristics. Experienced growers take into account the peculiarities of each species during planting and care.
The variety belongs to medium late, ripens, on average, in 130-145 days, depending on the subspecies. The acidity of the berries is moderate, the sugar content reaches 22% under favorable growing conditions.
A complete description of each individual subspecies is not required. The main difference between the varieties of the Original is the shade of ripe berries. It can be pink, black, or white. Pink grapes, under intense exposure to sunlight, become lilac, white becomes greenish, and black becomes reddish.
Variety selection
The variety was bred more than 40 years ago at the V.E. Tairov Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking. This institution is located in Odessa. To create it, two varieties were used, one of which is Damascus rose (Turkey), and the second is Datie de Saint-Valier (France). Both types have good technical characteristics and excellent taste.
The Original variety was entered into the State Register only in 2002. By this time, the grapes had passed all variety tests.
Yield
The original is a high-yielding variety due to the large number of fruiting shoots on each bush. If grapes are grown on an industrial scale, then one hectare will yield from 80 to 120 centners of the harvest. From one bush, you can collect, on average, 80 kilograms.
Description of berries
The berries are large, weighing from 7 to 12 grams, measuring 3x2 centimeters. They have an elongated nipple shape, tapering towards the tip. The fruit pulp is juicy, under unfavorable growing conditions - watery. Each berry has 2-3 small seeds. The skin is thin, when fresh grapes are consumed, it is not felt. Ripe fruit color depends on the variety.
Description of the bush
The bush is powerful and tall, reaching 2.5-3.5 meters in length. Vigorous, rapidly developing.The optimal load per bush is from 30 to 45 eyes in the first years of cultivation with a further increase to 60 eyes. The flowers are bisexual, the leaves are five-lobed, dissected. The bush looks decorative.
Description of bunches
The bunches are large, conical in shape, reaching 30-40 centimeters in length. The grapes are located loosely, loosely to each other. Each bunch weighs from 500 grams to 2 kilograms. The lowest weight is observed in the black subspecies of the Original.
Resistance to external factors
The variety was bred in Odessa and adapted to the conditions of this region. The original is a light- and heat-loving grape that does not tolerate persistent and strong frosts. Dies at temperatures of -21 ° C and below. The variety survives precipitation well, but, under unfavorable conditions, changes its properties.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The grapes have a lot of stepchildren, non-ripening crops and do not withstand transportation well. Ripe berries sometimes crumble. Waterlogging of the soil, due to heavy rains or excessive watering, leads to pea grapes and a decrease in its taste.
Benefits of the Original:
- high productivity;
- unpretentious care;
- attractive presentation of the bunches;
- long preservation of the crop in its original form (it can be stored until mid or late winter, depending on the time of planting).
Also, the characteristics of the grapes differ depending on the subspecies. White Original is more acidic than others, black has the least resistance to flying insects (especially wasps), pink, on the contrary, is rarely attacked by pests. The latter is considered the leader in taste among all Originals.
Growing features
The optimal place for planting the Original: leeward, sunny area of the garden or vineyard. It is desirable that the soil is moderately moist, nutritious.
High groundwater and a lack of trace elements in the soil will lead to poor harvest.
If necessary, during planting, drainage and fertilization of the soil is carried out. As a top dressing are used: wood ash, peat, humus or special mixtures (for example, Baikal EM-1). The grapes are best planted in the spring or fall.
For seedlings, deep holes are dug with a length and width of 80 to 100 centimeters. Plants are planted at a distance of 2-6 meters from each other. The more the better, as the grapes grow rapidly and vigorously. After placing the seedling in the hole, the top layer of the earth is mulched and watered.
Grape care
The original does not require much maintenance. The grapes must be pruned in the first year, at the end of the first summer month. At least 10 eyes are removed on each fruitful shoot. This is done in order to minimize energy consumption and improve crop quality.
Active watering is carried out during the flowering period of the bush and the appearance of the first fruits on it. On average, the plant is watered once a week. One bush takes a bucket of water. Before watering, 3-4 holes are dug near the roots. The same amount of water is poured into each of them.
The plant is fed, especially if the soil itself is infertile or heavy. For these purposes, mineral mixtures and organic fertilizers (humus, compost) are used. With the onset of cold weather, the grapes must be covered, and a protective layer consisting of brushwood and hay is laid around its roots.
Reproduction methods
The best way to propagate this grape variety is to graft the stalk onto a perennial stock. The second option is to plant a seedling grown from a cutting on the root system of the plant. The third way is to branch off the bush with the greatest number of shoots.
Diseases and pests
The original is distinguished by good resistance to mildew and oidium, medium - to phylloxera (root system disease) and gray rot. Vine bushes attract flying insects and aphids.
Grafting, moderate watering and the use of only mineral fertilizers help protect the plant from phylloxera. It is also recommended to burn all leaves that have fallen in mid-autumn, and to carry out treatment with fungicides. You can use tools such as Topaz, Shavit. Copper sulfate has good protective and fertilizing properties.
