Description and characteristics of the grape variety Gift Unlit, planting and care of the vine
Over the past several decades, breeders have developed many hybrid grape varieties. Increasingly, gardeners are paying attention to crops with early ripening of fruits that can withstand difficult growing conditions. This category includes the grape variety Gift Nesvetaya, which has high productive qualities.
Breeding history and growing region
The hybrid variety was the result of crossing grape mascot and Pretty Woman. Its appearance was facilitated by the works of the famous breeder E.G. Pavlovsky. Grapes of Memory of Nesvetaya are actively grown today in Russian regions and the CIS countries.
Negative and positive characteristics
Gardeners' reviews indicate that the variety is undemanding to growing conditions. A plant with a minimal investment of time and effort is able to delight with good yield indicators. The advantages of Nesvetaya include:
- very early return of the crop;
- the ability to survive at low temperatures;
- excellent quality berry taste;
- versatility of use, including for culinary purposes;
- good fruiting;
- 100% maturing of brushes;
- decent fruit appearance.
The disadvantages include insufficient resistance to grape diseases. The plant is demanding on soil fertility, watering and reacts negatively to an excess of mineral fertilizers. Moreover, all of the above points are easily eliminated, subject to the rules of cultivation. The disadvantages of the variety include poor transportability of grape bunches.
External data
The external differences of the grape variety are in the shape and color of the berries, the structure of shoots and leaves.
Bush
The plant has strong, powerful shoots that begin to bear fruit in 95-105 days. The bush of grapes is powerful with large leaves.
Escapes
Grape shoots are distinguished by good survival rate, fast growth and good maturation of grape bunches. During the garden season, they grow significantly, therefore, they require mandatory pruning.
Leaves
The leaf plates have a rich green color and a five-lobed shape.
Flowers
The plant forms bisexual inflorescences. Due to this property, it has a high level of pollination.
Berries
The plant forms clusters of medium-sized, conical grapes.The weight of one bunch varies from 500 to 550 g, in some cases it can reach 1 kg. The oval-shaped berries are colored dark red. One grape weighs 9 g. The fleshy pulp is reliably protected by a dense skin and has a harmonious taste with a slight hint of nutmeg.
Even in difficult growing conditions, the problem of crushing fruits is not inherent in the variety.
Features of cultivation and agricultural technology
Grape variety Gift Nesvetaya is able to withstand temperatures down to -24 C, which makes it possible to grow it in regions with cold climates. Planting is permissible both in the autumn and in the spring. In this case, it is required to observe the general rules of agricultural technology:
- healthy seedlings are chosen for planting, purchasing them in specialized nurseries;
- the soil is prepared in advance, providing deep digging and the introduction of mineral fertilizers;
- follow the rules of watering, tying, pruning shoots;
- provide soil mulching.
It is important to prevent infestation of the plant and prevent the harmful effects of birds. The need for a winter shelter is determined depending on the climatic conditions of a particular region.
Landing place
The grape has special requirements for the planting site. The area for permanent growth of the shoot must be sunny, the shading of the bushes will negatively affect their growth. It is important to provide the plant with fertile soil, which contains a sufficient amount of nutrients. It should be loose and easy to allow air and moisture to pass through. If necessary, drain the soil using the following materials;
- small stone;
- crushed stone;
- broken brick.
You should not choose an area for planting adjacent to the surface of groundwater.
Planting technology
To plant a plant, it is required to form a hole 80 cm deep. The seedling is pre-prepared by removing the dried out shoots of the root system, treating it with a growth stimulator. At the bottom of the hole, a small drainage layer is formed and a complex of mineral fertilizers is introduced into the soil.
A support is placed in it, which will be sufficient in the future for tying the seedling.
The shoot is placed in the hole, spreading the roots evenly and filling them with fertile soil. After that, the planting site is abundantly moistened with water. Grape shoots are formed in even rows, when planting along the wall, it is required to retreat from the foundation a distance of at least 1.5 m.
Liana care
With proper care of the vine, the crop can be obtained already in the 2nd year. In addition to standard watering and fertilizing, it is required to carry out annual pruning, the quality and correctness of which directly depends on the yield indicators of grapes... Annual and perennial vines are subject to pruning, the volume of annual growth is removed in an amount of 60 to 80%. After wintering, the plant needs abundant watering, which allows the plant to grow more actively.
Fruiting period and harvest
An early ripe variety yields in 95-100 days. The first berries in warm regions can be removed in August, most gardeners start doing this in September. Before the onset of cold snaps, the crop must be harvested in full.
Storage and use of grapes
For long storage grape variety is not used, therefore it is consumed fresh, as a raw material for the preparation of juices and preservation. Due to the inability of the juicy pulp to endure long-term transportation conditions, Nesvetaya's Gift is almost impossible to find fresh on store shelves.
Diseases and pests - methods of dealing with them
Grapes Gift Nesvetaya is considered a variety resistant to various types of diseases of grape crops.To prevent health problems of the shoots, it is important to follow the rules of plant care, monitor the appearance of rodents and insects.
Insects
Vineyards are an area that attracts large numbers of insects. They feed on green matter and plant juices, can damage the bark, cause infection of the bush with bacterial and fungal diseases. The greatest danger to grapes is represented by ticks, aphids, leaf rollers, thrips. To combat them, spraying with drugs with a directed principle of action is performed.
For example, "Fozalon", "Confidor", "Actellik" are used against the grape mite.
Often grape plantings suffer from wasps, which damage the fruit and increase the risk of rotting. To prevent damage to berries by harmful insects, traps are used, and the brushes are covered with a protective coating. On their backyard plots, gardeners use gauze for these purposes, with which each bunch is carefully wrapped. With a large area of vine plantations, for the purpose of protection from wasps, you can use a plastic mesh with a small hole size.
Rodents
In order to prevent rodents from eating grape shoots, the root above-ground part is wrapped with a strong cloth. Spruce branches are placed around the trunk, thereby providing a mechanical barrier. Gardeners often save the plant from mice with the help of traps from plastic bottles, cutting off the bottom of the containers and digging it into the soil near the plantings. In winter, a shelter will help protect the shoots, preventing rodents from reaching the shoots.
Infectious and bacterial diseases
The plant's resistance to diseases of fungal origin is estimated at 2.5 points. The plant's selective qualities allow it to successfully fight mildew, oidium and gray mold. Most often, plantings are infected with anthracosis, bacteriosis, rubella and bacterial cancer. The greatest danger is the last species, since it is possible to get rid of it only by completely eliminating the infected shoots.
To prevent the appearance of diseases in the spring, prophylactic spraying of the shoots with preparations for pest control is carried out, during the season the soil is periodically loosened and mulched, and in the fall the fallen leaves are eliminated.
