Description and characteristics of the grape variety Nastya, pros and cons, growing rules
Nastya grapes fell in love not only with summer residents, but also with professional farmers due to their unpretentiousness and excellent taste. Winegrowers know him as Arcadia. The plant is distinguished by its unpretentiousness and good marketable qualities, as well as the versatility of the harvested crop.
The history of the hybrid breeding Nastya
Hybrid grape variety Nastya was bred at the Institute of Viticulture named. V. E. Tairov, located in the Ukrainian city of Odessa. The breeder E.N.Dokuchaeva worked on it, who crossed the popular table varieties Cardinal and Moldova. The miracles of genetics led to the fact that from two plants with dark fruits, a new one with white berries came about.
Today, Nastya grapes are popular not only in their homeland and in the countries of the former USSR, but also successfully cultivated in France. This proves once again that the variety really deserves increased attention.
Pros and cons of the variety
Nastya grapes stand out among other varieties for their numerous advantages:
- the return and ripening of the crop occurs together;
- high yield (about 20 kg of berries from each bush);
- beautiful appearance of bunches and fruits;
- excellent taste;
- excellent frost resistance (up to -24 ° C);
- increased resistance to fungal diseases;
- perfectly tolerates transportation over long distances, is a record holder in this regard and occupies a leading position in the market.
Of the shortcomings, practicing winegrowers single out the tendency of the variety to overload the vine with the harvest and the high likelihood of oidium damage without timely prevention.
External data
The attractive appearance of Nastya's grape bunches immediately attracts attention. According to some features, it can be distinguished from the general mass and recognized among competitors.
Description of the bush and vine
Depending on the region in which the cultivation is carried out Arcadia grapes, bushes can grow medium to tall.
Bunches with fruits are formed on 75% of the shoots. In the middle lane during the summer period, the shoots fully ripen along their entire length, which is quite large. The bush requires constant shaping and pruning. As soon as the vine reaches a length of 2 m, it is recommended to pinch it.
Leaves
The leaf of Nastya grapes has a slight pubescence, five-lobed, rich green color. Closer to autumn, it can change color to yellow.
Taste and appearance of berries
Arcadia berries grow ovoid, although, according to the characteristics, their shape should be round. The diameter of the fetus exceeds 25 mm, in some cases it reaches 35 mm. The weight of one berry ranges from 8 to 16 g.
The pulp of the grapes is juicy, dense, with a thin and almost invisible skin. When ripe, the berries acquire a beautiful yellowish hue, and when fully ripe, they become amber-yellow with a waxy coating.
The taste of Nastya grapes is very good. The acid and sugar content is in perfect balance. The sugar content is no more than 17%, and the acidity does not exceed 6 g / l.
These fruits are recommended for people who are on a diet or watch their weight. When using Arcadia grapes, a light nutmeg aroma is felt.
Specifications Arcadia Rozova
In terms of technical characteristics, grapes of the Nastya variety are not inferior to eminent foreign hybrids. It demonstrates excellent results with minimal cost and maintenance.
Yield
Arcadia grapes have a very good yield. About 20 kg of berries are harvested from one adult bush, but record cases have been recorded when the yield reached 40 kg. Such an overload does not have a very good effect on the further condition of the bush, so the yield must be normalized.
Pollination
Nastya has bisexual flowers, so for pollination she does not need a number of other varieties, and the plant itself is also capable of acting as a pollinator.
Frost resistance
Nastya grapes have very good frost resistance and can withstand temperatures down to -24 ° C, however, it is recommended to cover it for the winter period.
Disease immunity
Arcadia is famous for its excellent resistance to diseases and pests, but it needs timely preventive spraying, which makes it possible to exclude the likelihood of damage from oidium and mildew.
How to propagate grapes
The plant is a hybrid, therefore it propagates only by cuttings, grafts or layering. The survival rate is almost 100%.
Cultivation of culture
Growing grapes Nastya has some features that you should definitely familiarize yourself with.
Landing technology
It is important to choose the right place and time of planting for the seedlings so that they have time to take root well and develop normally in the future.
Planting time
It is better to plant grape bushes in spring or early summer, so that they have enough time for rooting. In the fall, such work is extremely rare. But vaccinations are done just towards the end of autumn.
Seating chart
For planting Arcadia, a hole is prepared with dimensions of 70 x 70 x 70 cm.If several bushes of this variety are planted on a site, then the distance between them is left at least 1.5 meters.
Optimal soil composition
The soil for planting grapes Nastya is prepared in advance. To do this, manure, ash and superphosphate are applied to the site, and the soil is cleaned from the roots of weeds. Next, a hole is dug and a drainage layer is laid on its bottom, on top of which fertile soil is poured, mixed with any humus, ash and azofoskoy. Exceptionally clean soil is poured under the roots.
Regularity of watering
Vineyards do not like excess moisture, but in drought conditions irrigation is necessary. During the period of flowering and the formation of fruits, watering is done more intensively, but at the end of July they are stopped altogether so that the berries can accumulate sugar. If the autumn turned out to be dry, then pre-winter watering is also carried out in front of the shelter.
Fertilizer
In the first year after planting, you do not need to fertilize Nastya.Further, annually, under each bush, 2 liters of wood ash are introduced. Once every 2 years in the spring, add a couple of buckets of compost or humus. In the summer, foliar dressing is carried out by spraying the foliage.
Before flowering and after its completion, complex mineral fertilizers are sprayed, and then potash and phosphorus fertilizers.
Garter to supports
Arcadia grapes reach a great height, so you can't do without a garter. You will need to plan and install supports in advance, or build trellises to which the vine will be attached.
Formation of a fruiting vine
Fruiting vines are formed in such a way that for each bush of Nastya grapes there are up to 45 eyes. Pruning is done for 8 or 10 eyes, depending on the thickness of the branch. A fan-type bush is formed, at the base of which 3-4 sleeves are left. All work is planned for the time when the vine is at rest.
Mulching
To prevent excessive evaporation of moisture from the soil, it is advisable to carry out mulching. For these purposes, straw, sawdust, peat or other similar materials are suitable. Mowed hay is also used.
Ripening and harvesting period
Nastya grapes ripen 115-120 days after flowering. The berries are harvested in early September. On the bushes, they remain without loss of taste and marketability until the beginning of October, if there is no frost.
The harvested crop is stored for a couple of months, and in the refrigerator the fruits do not lose their characteristics for up to 3 months. They are eaten fresh, and also allowed for processing or making wine.
