Description of cherry varieties Morozovka, characteristics of winter hardiness and pollinators
Today there are many varieties of cherries, the number of which the average consumer does not even know. But an experienced gardener knows that in order to get a good harvest on an ongoing basis, you need to take a responsible approach to the choice of a tree, to study the features of planting and care. Next, we will focus on the Morozovka cherry variety.
History of origin
This cherry variety was bred by T.V. Morozova at the Michurinsky Research Institute. The breeders set the task of obtaining a small tree with tasty berries, which at the same time has high winter hardiness and resistance to diseases, in particular to coccomycosis.
Morozovka became the "parents" cherries Vladimirskaya and Lyubskaya. The first was famous for its good resistance to frost, and the second for its tasty large berries and large volumes of harvest. After crossing these two species, the Morozovka cherry was obtained.
Description of the variety
Cherry Morozovka is a medium-sized tree with a spherical spreading crown. The height of an adult tree reaches 2.5 meters. The berries are quite large, 4-5 grams each. The pulp is juicy, dark red, like the skin of the berries. There is a slight groove. The stone is not large, easily leaves the pulp, which facilitates the processing process.
Cherry yield is good. From 1 hectare you can get 50-60 centners of berries.
If you look at the description of the Morozovka variety, then everywhere it is said about the early maturity of the tree - the first crop of cherry brings already in the 3-4th year, and under appropriate conditions bears fruit regularly.
The winter hardiness of the variety is quite good: the tree easily survives even severe frosts. But this does not apply to all of Frosty: buds and flowers can die even with small frosts, which reduces the overall indicator of resistance to low temperatures. The tree rarely gets sick. In addition, Morozovka has practically zero susceptibility to coccomycosis.
Growing features
So that the cherry does not die, and in the future bring a good harvest, it is necessary to study the main points of cultivation before planting.
Choosing a landing site
For the cherry to take root easily, you need to choose the right planting site. Fertile soil is suitable, which is easily permeable to moisture and air. It is advisable to choose an area that receives the longest sun exposure during the day. It is highly undesirable to have drafts and groundwater close to the surface of the earth; the tree does not tolerate excessive moisture. For this purpose, it is not recommended to choose a site in the lowlands.
Landing
When the site is selected, you can proceed to planting:
- First of all, you need to dig a hole with a depth and width of at least 0.5 meters.If more than one tree is being planted, then a distance of 2.5-3 meters is left between the holes.
- The dug soil must be mixed with humus, potassium, ash and superphosphate.
- In the central part of the pit, a 15 cm high slide is formed, into which a peg is installed.
- Next, you need to place a Morozovka seedling in the hole, spreading the root system along a mound.
- The future tree is covered with a mixture of soil and fertilizers, everything is well compacted.
- At a distance of about 30 cm, you need to dig an annular hole and fill it with 30 liters of water.
- When the liquid is absorbed, the trunk circle is covered with mulch, and the tree is tied to a peg.
Care
After the cherry is planted, it needs to be cared for properly.
Watering
In order for Morozovka to bear fruit regularly, regular watering is required. It is important to do this during the period when the tree is blooming and the ovaries are forming. On average, one adult tree needs to be watered 3-4 times every 30 days with a standard bucket of water. The liquid should penetrate into the soil and not stagnate on the surface. After the cherry is watered, you need to remove the weeds nearby and loosen the soil.
Pruning
Tree pruning should be done annually in spring and autumn. Low-growing and dry branches are removed first. Next, you need to thin out the crown by cutting off the branches growing inward. As a result, 5 strong shoots should remain, growing in several rows (mainly in 3). At the final stage, you need to remove branches that grow too close to each other. If you neglect pruning the Frostbite, you can significantly reduce the yield.
Reproduction
The classic propagation of this variety of cherries occurs by cuttings and budding. Up to 70% of green cuttings are rooted. For the stock it is recommended to take seedlings of cultivated varieties and stocks of Vladimir cherry.
Pest control
In order not to lose the harvest, you need to fight pests in time. The most common are aphids and fly larvae, which, when caught in the ovary, turn into worms. To fight the first, you need to install trapping belts at the beginning of spring. And you can prevent the settlement of larvae by carrying out regular cleaning around the tree and loosening the soil.
Cherry is also loved by rodents, so it is advisable to wrap the trunk with a dense cloth like burlap for the winter. And so that the birds do not gnaw the berries, you can hang a fishing net on a tree or hang old discs that, shimmering in the sun, will scare away birds.
