Description of the Moscow apple variety later, features of the variety and fruits, the timing of flowering and ripening
The Moscow apple variety became widespread later in temperate latitudes. This fruit culture has won the recognition of gardeners for its vitality, undemanding growing conditions and care. In addition, the fruits have a long shelf life. And most importantly, the plant is resistant to fungal infections. To grow a quality crop, you should study its strengths and weaknesses in more detail.
Description and features of the variety and fruits
The Moscow apple tree later stands out for its tall stature. In the first years after planting, a young tree has a wide-pyramidal crown shape, which, as the plant matures, takes the shape of a wide oval. The central conductor and main skeletal branches are green-gray. In the main, lateral processes grow in an upright oblique position.
The dimensions of the leaf plates are characterized as average. Their shape is elliptical, the ends are pointed, villi are formed on the petioles. Smooth lateral processes have a rounded shape and strong pubescence. Their color is brownish brown.
The Moscow apple tree later became popular due to its large harvest. Their weight is 160 g, under favorable conditions there are fruits weighing up to 230 g. The surface of the apples is smooth, there are no flaws, the shape is round.
This variety has the same moment of removable maturity and consumer. This feature of the fruits allows you to use them immediately after harvesting, without waiting for full ripening.
A slight blush is observed on the lighted side of the fruit. According to the description of the variety, if the crop is stored for a long time, then its color changes to golden.
Breeding history
The apple variety Moskovskoye was later obtained through the process of hybridization, where the Soviet breeder of fruit crops S.I. Isaev at the Moscow State University. MV Lomonosov used two hardy varieties - the North Synap and Brown New. The work was completed in 1961. The variety appeared in official documents only in 2001.
Variety characteristics
The Moscow apple tree later has its own characteristics. Let's consider them in more detail.
Dimensions
The Moscow apple tree later, in the absence of proper care, in particular, without proper pruning and shaping, can reach a height of 5-6 m.This not only complicates the care of the tree itself, but also for other garden plantings that grow near it. The tree grows 10-15 cm annually, which is relatively small.
Yield
When grown on personal plots by amateur gardeners, a fruit crop can give up to 150 kg per tree. On large farms, productivity indicators reach 100 c / ha.
Winter hardiness
The plant is ideal for regions of the middle lane. Its degree of resistance to subzero temperatures is above average. But in the first years after determining for a permanent place, young seedlings are better protected from frost. For these purposes, a breathable material is required.
Disease resistance
The Moscow apple tree later stands out for its high degree of resistance to fungal infections. Often it is the scab that destroys the future harvest. But the resistance to other diseases typical of apple trees is average, which requires regular preventive measures. Powdery mildew is a serious threat to fruit trees.
Taste qualities
The harvest of the Moskovskoye variety later has a juicy pulp, moderately sweetish taste and slight sourness. After their use, there is a mild spicy aftertaste. The structure of the dense pulp is fine-grained, white in color. The tasting score is 4.3 points.
Vitamin content
Indicators of ascorbic acid inherent in this variety are 8.8 mg per 10 g of product. One apple contains 25% of the daily requirement of vitamin C. Phenolic compounds with tannin qualities are 55 mg per 100 g of fruit. The content of pectin substances as a percentage is 8.7% per dry weight, and P-active substances are 0.15 mg per 100 g.
Apples of the Moskovskoye variety later contain 8.5-11.3% sugars, it all depends on the specific growing area. Acidity indicators 0.94%.
Kinds
There are several varieties of the Moscow apple tree later, all of them are distinguished by a sufficient level of winter hardiness and endurance to adverse environmental factors.
Winter
The Moscow winter apple tree has established itself exclusively on the positive side, it has a high level of endurance to subzero temperatures. The plant is very vigorous, its height is 9-10 m, every year the central conductor and lateral vegetative organs grow by 10 cm. Fruits are harvested in the last days of September, in early October.
The apples are large in size, their weight is 250 g. Dark red, there are subcutaneous yellow blotches.
Apples attract consumers with their pronounced aroma and sweet and sour taste. Under comfortable growing conditions and effective care, up to 160 kg of a tasty harvest is harvested from one tree. The shelf life is long, until June.
Columnar
The height of a tree of the Moscow Necklace variety does not exceed 2 m. The weight of the fruits is within 150-250 g, their color is red, the taste is dessert. Neat and compact trees are often used on an industrial scale. The apple tree stands out for its early maturity and high productivity.
Among the advantages of the variety, they also note the high taste characteristics of apples, they are not afraid of transportation over long distances, which is ideal when used for commercial purposes. The plant is frost-hardy and with a high level of scab resistance.
The fruit crop is capable of yielding equally well both when grown in the southern regions and when cultivated in the northern ones. The plant tolerates low temperatures up to 42 degrees quite normally. Given the fact that over time, its yield indicators begin to decrease significantly, after 15 years it is recommended to replace it with a new tree.
On a dwarf rootstock
The tree has all the varietal characteristics of the late Moscow tree, its height is no more than 3 m.A fruit crop with a late autumn period of fruit ripening, undemanding to care and gives a stable yield.
The timing of flowering and ripening of fruits
The flowering phase of the Moscow apple tree is later observed in the second half of May and lasts 1-1.5 weeks. The main factor affecting the flowering time is the weather conditions in a particular region. The ripening dates of the fruits fall on the last days of September. To keep the fruits intact, you need to remove them in dry weather, leaving the stalk and carefully folding it into a suitable container.
Growing region
The Moscow apple variety is later cultivated in the Moscow region, Leningrad, most of Russia, as well as in the northern and mountainous regions of Scandinavia, due to sufficient winter hardiness and high immunity to major diseases.
The Moscow apple variety later in gardening circles has mostly positive reviews. It is especially appreciated for its high productivity rates with minimal maintenance. The main thing is to choose healthy seedlings, without any damage and signs of disease on the roots, and adhere to the correct agricultural practices. Only an integrated approach will allow you to harvest a healthy and bountiful harvest.
This is a favorite variety of apples, we have three trees growing on our site. Every year we collect a fairly large harvest. You can store apples even fresh, they keep their shape remarkably. In the spring, be sure to add to the soil "BioGrow».