Description of the best varieties of English roses, growing and care, reproduction
English or Austin roses are distinguished by a variety of varieties, each of which attracts with its aroma and color. Plants can be used to decorate gardens, as well as cut as bouquets. Proper processing of the plant allows you to enjoy the buds and carry out self-planting of the varieties you like.
Characteristic features of English roses
The varieties have the following distinctive features:
- buds appear throughout the summer;
- color, it should also be noted the variety of forms of inflorescences;
- aroma that spreads over a long distance;
- resistance to high temperatures;
- the buds are evenly distributed throughout the bush.
English roses come in many varieties and are used to decorate garden plots.
Popular varieties
It is necessary to highlight the following varieties of English roses, which are often grown.
William Shakespeare
English roses from breeder David Austin are disease resistant. This rose variety is resistant to low temperatures and is also a tall plant. The inflorescences are cup-shaped, medium-sized, distinguished by their bud diameter, reaching 12 cm. The inflorescences have a flowering period of up to 14 days.
Roses are distinguished by an attractive scent that contains notes of violets. The rose quickly adapts to a new location after transplanting and begins to bloom in the first year. Inflorescences appear during the season, until the first frost.
Benjamin Britten
The English rose Benjamin Britten is suitable for growing in all regions. The variety of ornamental bushes was bred in 2001. The plant has dense buds, which differ in size and terry coating.
The variety begins to bloom in June and continues throughout the summer. The culture has the following types of advantages over other similar bushes:
- the plant grows rapidly and is immune to diseases;
- refers to frost-resistant types of crops;
- inflorescences are distinguished by a variety of colors, which tend to change during the season;
- the scent of flowers contains fruity notes.
The bushes are large in size and are suitable both for cutting and as a decorative garden decoration.
Abraham Derby
This variety is used to decorate rose gardens and gardens, bred by breeder Abraham Derby in 1965.
The bush has buds, which are colored in a yellow tint, however, in the process of blooming, the buds turn pink and gradually acquire a pale pink color. During the period of changing weather conditions, the rose changes its hue and turns into peach and bright yellow. The buds can be up to 14 cm in size, and the scent contains sweet notes with a slight hint of lemon. The plant has a bush up to 2 meters high, the rose blooms throughout the summer until the first frost.
Graham Thomas
The plant has yellow buds that can change their color during the day. The buds have a sweet aroma and a large number of petals that effectively hide the core of the flowers.
The bush is climbing and can reach up to 4 meters in height. Roses bloom throughout the summer and have up to 5-6 buds on one inflorescence.
Important. English roses are distinguished by the large size of the bush, so when planting several copies, you must maintain a distance of at least 4 meters.
The specifics of growing
Care and planting of the plant has a large number of features similar to other ornamental shrubs.
Selection of seedlings
When choosing planting material, the following features must be considered:
- it is necessary to purchase seedlings in specialized places;
- seedlings must have a protected root;
- green shoots with buds;
- there should be no symptoms of lethargy on the planting material;
- shoots without seals and spots.
Seedlings with stiff shoots and excessively exposed roots are not used for planting. Long-term exposure to air on the root can lead to crop diseases and poor development of the bush after planting.
Optimal timing
Planting material can be planted in autumn and spring. Each period has its own advantages:
- Planting cuttings in autumn allows the roots to take root and better tolerate diseases and winter. Cuttings are planted in the soil after September 20.
- In spring, the plant grows quickly and is not exposed to low temperatures. Planting of planting material begins after April 20, however, the date may vary depending on weather conditions.
Regardless of the period of planting cuttings, it is necessary to choose the right place and soil, as well as to provide proper care.
Site selection and preparation
Planting roses should be carried out in a previously prepared place, depending on the growth and purpose of the bush. The variety of roses does not tolerate prolonged exposure to direct sunlight, so the place should be slightly shaded.
The site should be on level ground or slightly on a hill, the accumulation of melt water that can disturb the root is unacceptable.
The planting site must be cleared of vegetation and a hole up to 50 cm deep should be dug. Mix the soil removed from the hole with humus in equal proportions and fill the hole by a quarter.
Planting process
Planting material is planted according to the following algorithm:
- pre-prepared holes are watered with water;
- the cuttings are freed from the film that fixes the soil at the root, and are carefully placed in the pit;
- the hole is covered with soil in such a way that the grafting site is submerged by 5-7 cm;
- a small mound is formed, which will settle over time;
- the planting site is watered with plenty of water.
If the planting material was purchased with open roots, it is necessary to place the stalk in a liquid before planting to activate growth.
The subtleties of caring for roses
In order for the plant to develop and bloom profusely in the first year after planting, it is necessary to provide proper care for the bush.
Lighting, temperature and humidity
It is necessary for the plant to receive sunlight for 5-6 hours a day, the rest of the time should be partial shade.
Roses tolerate hot periods when watering regularly. Also, the culture can tolerate frosts, however, to reduce the risk of diseases, it is recommended to cover the bushes before winter.
Rose bushes prefer moderate humidity, however, in hot weather conditions, it is necessary to spray with water to develop the buds. After rain, the bushes shake off excess moisture, which accumulates in the buds and leads to infection with rot.
Pruning, watering and feeding
The bushes are watered every few days, while it is necessary to monitor the condition of the soil, if moisture is preserved, the irrigation process is transferred to the next day, moistening is carried out early in the morning or after sunset. It is important to ensure that no water gets on the leaves, otherwise burns will appear.
Top dressing of the bush is carried out according to the following scheme:
- humus is introduced before the formation of buds;
- superphosphate is added during bud formation;
- in the process of opening flowers, potash fertilizers are used;
- in the fall, phosphate and nitrogen fertilizers are applied, which improve the tolerance of low temperatures.
Before sheltering for the winter, it is necessary to add humus or peat mixture.
For the flowering of the bush, it is necessary to regularly prune. This allows young and stronger shoots to form, as well as to improve the external condition of the bush. Pruning English roses after flowering for the winter means removing old, damaged shoots.
The bush is slightly trimmed, the main impact is in the spring. After the snow melts, it is necessary to carefully examine the culture and remove the dead shoots. After which each shoot is cut off, leaving 4-5 lower buds. Branches that come directly from the root are also recommended to be removed. In summer, pruning is a good method for rejuvenating the bush and removing damaged shoots.
Important. In order for the bush to actively bloom, the buds that have bloomed are cut off, otherwise the plant will give off strength to form seeds.
Wintering
Rose bushes are highly winter-hardy. After the flowering period is over, all fallen leaves must be removed. Unripe shoots are removed, branches must be tied with a piece of tissue. The roots are covered with sawdust mixed with humus. Make a frame from twigs and fix a plastic wrap that will protect the plant from frost.
Diseases and pests of English flowers
English roses are immune to disease. However, with improper care, the following problems appear:
- powdery mildew;
- rust on the leaves;
- mosaic;
- gray rot.
The affected shoots are removed, the bush is treated with Bordeaux liquid or copper sulfate.
Among pests, aphids are most often found; to eliminate the insect, the bush is sprayed with laundry soap dissolved in water.
Reproduction
The culture has a large number of ways to reproduce. The method of cuttings is more often used, other methods are chosen by the gardener.
Vaccination
To apply this breeding method, the following algorithm must be performed:
- choose a strong shoot without a bud;
- using a clerical knife, cut off the kidney so that a particle of the escape remains;
- it is necessary to clean the area of the neck of the bush and use alcohol to disinfect the vaccination site;
- make an incision and insert a kidney;
- carefully wrap with plastic tape or bag;
- sprinkle with earth and leave until next season.
In spring, the grafting site is freed from the film, and you can see the formation of a new rose shoot. The shoot is carefully dug up and planted in the soil.
By cuttings
After the bud fades, it is necessary to cut off the shoot and remove all leaves except the top two.The shoot is placed in a growth activator for 2-3 hours. Then the cutting is placed in the ground and covered with a glass jar.
Watering is carried out every 2-3 days. The cuttings are left for the winter, in the spring you can see the emergence of the root and transplant the plant to places of constant growth. Special seedling containers can be used and the cuttings are placed on a window sill, previously covered with a jar or plastic bottle.
Layers
This method is often used for curly varieties of roses. For reproduction, it is necessary to lower the lower shoot to the soil and make an incision. Cover the incision with earth and leave until the next rooting season. After the shoots appear, the shoot is carefully separated from the mother plant and placed in the ground.
Offspring
For reproduction in this way, it is necessary to take a part of the plant root and place it in the soil, having previously moistened the hole. Often this method is used for the spring transplanting period.
Combination with other colors
English roses require a distance between bushes of at least 2-3 meters. Plants are very often used for flower beds and garden decorations, they go well with other types of flowers and do not cause difficulties in care.
People call this type of rose ostinki; flowers are used to decorate gardens and parks. The plant is undemanding to care for, however, it can cause problems if you do not apply top dressing in a timely manner and do not water the plantings. The rose blooms throughout the summer and pleases with its appearance.
