Description and characteristics of the Arkadik apple tree, its advantages and disadvantages

Apple trees rank first in terms of planting area around the world. This species is known for its beneficial properties and excellent taste. Breeders are engaged in cultivation of apple trees; their work was presented to culture lovers by such a variety as Arkadik. It possesses enhanced protective properties, subject to long-term storage, subject to the minimum requirements.

Breeding varieties Arkadik

Breeding is a branch of agriculture that actively develops methods for creating and breeding new varieties of plants or trees with improved qualities. Breeding methods are based on understanding genetic rules, predicting crosses and planning results.

The Arkadik apple tree appeared at the beginning of the current century, thanks to the crossing of several varieties - Arcadia Yellow and other representatives that showed resistance to frost.

In addition to Arkadik, there are varieties Yellow and Pink. Experts believe that Arkadik combines the best qualities of its predecessors.

What kind does it belong to

Apple trees, which are grown for harvest, are combined under the guise of a home apple tree. Further classification is determined by the size of trees, fruits, degree of ripeness. Arkadik belongs to the most common species - bushy.

Advantages and disadvantages

The compact size of Arkadik apple trees, high productivity, frost resistance are considered an indisputable advantage. The disadvantages are the insufficient strength of the root system, the high cost of seedlings.

Varieties and external characteristics

Trees can be up to 4 meters long. When making a description of the Arkadik variety, they always mention the varieties that are part of this species. They are similar in many ways, but there are differences.

Pink

Trees of this species are of a weak type. The fruits are deep pink in color, but they are small and flat. The largest ones reach 80 grams in terms of weight. The trees are not very productive. Of all the varieties, this variety is considered by breeders to be the weakest.

Sugar

This variety provides about 200 kilograms of apples from one tree, which is an indicator of a high yield. The name comes from the high sucrose content. The fruits are juicy, have a pink-yellow hue.

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Summer yellow

This type of Arkadik is different from the related fruit sizes. They are smaller, they can reach 70 grams. Fruit color is yellow, intense. In terms of taste, it is one of the most memorable. A significant drawback of the variety is the lack of resistance to the type of disease of fruit and berry crops - scab.

Features of culture

Breeding the Arkadik variety pursued the goal of obtaining a variety that would not be susceptible to scab infestations, resistant to low temperatures and retained its taste.

Resistance to subzero temperatures

Arkadik has become not only a frost-resistant variety, but also received high marks for this classification. It has the ability to withstand frosts down to -35 ° C, while retaining all its qualities.

Insect and disease resistance

Scab is a fungal disease that can affect any plant, damage a significant part of the crop. Breeding manipulations made Arkadik resistant:

to scab;
to other diseases of the fungal type;
to the harmful spread of insects.

In which regions are they grown

The variety was created for the regions of central Russia. This area is known for a sharp drop in temperatures at night during the autumn period of the year. It is suitable for planting in the distant suburbs. It is successfully grown in the southern regions of the central part of Siberia.

Apple tree yield

The variety has earned its popularity due to its high yield. Up to 220 kilograms of apples are harvested from one tree. The fruits are characterized by the following characteristics:

weight reaches 310 grams;
color - pink-red;
thin skin;
shape - semi-oval, oblong;
taste - sweet and sour, with a departure towards the sweet.

The beginning of fruiting

Arkadik begins to bear fruit from the 3rd year of its existence. Ripe fruits do not stand up, they begin to fall off under their own weight.

Self-fertility and pollinator varieties

The peculiarity of Arkadik lies in self-fertility, that is, in the absence of a second apple tree in the garden, the tree is only half covered with an ovary. In the presence of pollinators, budding will be complete. For pollination Arkadik are suitable varieties of the summer type or early autumn period of maturity.

Flowering and ripening of apples

Flowering begins in late spring, apples can be harvested in late summer. This variety is considered early maturing.

How and when to harvest

Experts recommend focusing on the weather conditions when harvesting. It is carried out in dry weather, in the afternoon.

Nutritional value and use of fruits

Apples are good for health, the average Arkadik fruit contains 94 kilocalories. It contains a lot of vitamins, natural fructose, trace elements necessary for the full functioning of the body.

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Apples of this variety are suitable for cooking:

marmalade;
jam;
pastilles;
applesauce.

Attention! Apples of this variety are not recommended for baking or baking as a separate dish.

Landing technique

This type does not have special requirements for landing. Experts recommend keeping the distance between planted trees, it should not be less than 7 meters.

Disembarkation dates

It is better to plant the variety in the fall, but you can do it in the spring.

Spring

The spring planting period has a border - from late April to late May, early June. Experts consider soft planting soil to be the only requirement.

Autumn

At the end of summer, after cleaning the territory, Arkadik is planted in soft soil until the end of October.

Preparing the seedling and planting pit

The seedling is laid out, the roots are straightened, debris is removed, and bad areas are cut off. Dig a hole, the width and depth of which should not exceed 1 meter.

Procedure technology

A tree is planted in the center of the pit, the roots are directed down, covered with earth, leaned against the supports, tied up, covered with earth, tamped. After watering and absorbing moisture, the lack of land is replenished.

How to properly care

To get a harvest, you need to properly water the plant. The apple tree requires systematic watering. The variety is resistant to drought, but it does not have the ability of succulents to store moisture, so its lack affects the ovary, and later on fruiting.

Choosing the best watering

There are several types of watering for fruit crops

Surface

This method involves irrigation through channels and longitudinal furrows around the plants. Suitable for gardens where strict tree planting is used.

Drip

This is a specially designed system that provides moisture directly to the root of a particular plant.

Sprinkling

Reception is used for long-distance watering from a hose; under pressure, water enters the crown of the tree in the form of rain.

Tree feeding

Feeding is carried out with organic fertilizers:

nitrogen-containing;
ammonia-supplemented;
potassium-phosphorus.

Trimming and shaping the crown

Crown formation is important for tree growth and development. It is carried out in the second year of the existence of the apple tree. Pruning is done in the traditional way, after 3-4 buds. Pruned in spring and autumn. Information! The branches are adjusted after harvest.