Characteristics and description of the variety of apple trees Cinnamon striped, history and features of cultivation
For more than two centuries, Cinnamon striped apple trees delight with their wonderful taste. The variety was bred by nature and by amateur gardeners without the intervention of professional breeders. The first description of the variety was made in 1810 by physicist Vadim Leonidovich Levshin. It is not known what taste the ancestor of Cinnamon had, but he himself became the basis for 20 modern varieties. Nobody improved it artificially, but the fruit tree is included in the State Register.
Description and characteristics of the apple tree Cinnamon striped
A ripe apple has a pleasant cinnamon taste, which is reflected in its names - Brown, Brown, Brown. The height of the apple tree, resistant to severe frosts, reaches gigantic proportions both in height and in the spreading of the crown. The crown transforms during the growth of the fruit tree from a pyramidal to a wide rounded. Long, thin branches with a small amount of foliage hang down with whips.
Crown size of the variety
The height of the tree, the volume of its crown is programmed by the choice of the stock. Even on a semi-dwarf (most common for this variety) rootstock, by the age of 20, the tree reaches a 5-meter height. The crown width on such a tree does not exceed 4 meters in width. It is almost impossible to buy a Cinnamon apple tree on a seed stock in a nursery in the middle lane, but tall apple trees of this variety are found in gardeners' plots.
The height of the trunk and the width of the crown are about 6 m - this tree is definitely not for a small area.
Branches of Brown
On long liana-like branches directed to the ground, extremely rare foliage, it mainly crowns the ends of the shoots. At the top of the crown, the foliage is slightly denser than below. Skeletal branches grow at an acute angle relative to the trunk.
Leaves
The dark green rough leaf plate is pointed on both sides, the inside has a barely noticeable edge.
Bloom
The flowers are white with a delicate pink tint. They have a scent that is magically attractive to bees. Insects and the wind carrying pollen from a neighboring fruit plant to the Brown Striped plant are not the most fruitful pollinators. The flowering period of Cinnamon begins in the second half of May.
Winter hardiness
Winter hardiness of Cinnamon striped is higher than that of Antonovka, which is an example of endurance for many gardeners. Stably low temperatures, down to -37 ° C, are tolerated by apple trees without any consequences. There have been cases when at -45 ° C the apple tree received minor frostbite, and this did not reduce its yield.
Yield
The average yield of an adult tree, which is systematically looked after from year to year, is 150 kg of fruits, which is almost 2 times less than Antonovka produces annually. To achieve the same return from Cinnamon, you need to have an apiary nearby.
Tasting assessment
The apple, sweet with a spicy aroma, was recognized not only by gardeners, but also by specialists, who gave the variety an almost maximum mark of 4.88 points.
Advantages and disadvantages
Brown's main advantages:
- stunning resistance to frost;
- delicate sweetish-sour taste with a spicy cinnamon note uncharacteristic for the European part of the mainland;
- a high level of adaptability to various climatic conditions.
Nature does not tolerate imbalance, the advantages of Brown Striped are balanced by disadvantages:
- relatively low yield;
- the first fruiting occurs in the 7-8th year after planting;
- disease resistance is average;
- you need to harvest from the apple tree, the fallen fruits will not be stored for a long time;
- the wood is fragile, at risk of splitting along the trunk or in the places where branches attach to it.
Landing
The yield of the apple tree depends on the time of planting, the correct preparatory work to enrich the soil with nutrients, and the choice of location.
Landing time and place
Spring planting should be planned for April, when the main snow has already melted, and the ground has thawed at least one and a half meters. In autumn, planting of seedlings of fruit trees is carried out from mid-November. Taking into account the peculiarities of the regions, the terms for landing in Siberia, central Russia, the Volga region differ from the recommended ones by 1-2 weeks.
When choosing a site for planting Cinnamon, you should choose an area open to sunlight, on which the apples will be sweeter and larger, and the yields will be greater than on trees growing in the shade. The soil should be easy for moisture to penetrate, the roots should not have constant contact with water from below.
Black earth, sand, loam are the best soils for growing Cinnamon apple trees. If apple trees of other varieties grow in the neighborhood, blooming with Cinnamon striped at the same time, then the harvest will be. The best pollinating varieties are apple trees Papirovka, Moskovskaya Grushovka.
Preparatory work before landing
Holes for spring and autumn planting of apple tree seedlings are prepared from late September to mid-October. The depth and width of the holes is 1 m. This space must be prepared for planting apple trees so that the tree takes root, takes root, receives all the necessary nutrients from the soil.
The mandatory elements with which the selected soil must be mixed are peat and humus. For heavy soils, sand will be required, for acidic ash, for depleted organic fertilizers - manure, humus, sapropel.
Planting technology of seedlings
The soil saturated with organic and chemical additives is poured in a layer of 20-40 cm at the bottom of the hole over the drainage. Simple earth should separate the nutrient mixture and the roots of the seedling, it is poured into a small mound, while all layers prepared before planting the tree should not take more than half of the space.
The seedling is placed in the middle of the planting cushion. The roots are evenly distributed. The space of the hole under the apple tree is filled with the remaining soil, the earth is compacted. Above its surface, a grafting bole should rise by 5-7 cm. After planting, the tree is watered at the rate of 12-15 liters per 2-year-old seedling.
Attention! When planting an apple tree with an open root system, 90% of all foliage is removed, shoots are cut to a size of 70 cm from the ground, this will improve the survival rate and adaptation of the tree to new conditions.
How to care for an apple tree
The territory of distribution of the apple variety Cinnamon striped is wide, the conditions of its growth are varied. Depending on local conditions, some stages of fertilizing will be added, somewhere additional watering will not be needed. Focusing on the climatic features of the region, each gardener determines the main stages of care and the timing of their implementation independently.
How often to water
Recommended weekly watering apple trees, it is held either in the morning, when the sun is just rising, or in the evening, when it has already gone beyond the horizon. If you water the apple tree at noon, when the sun is at its zenith, you cannot avoid heat burns. In a rainy summer, this is not required.
When and how to feed
Spring feeding of Brown striped - fertilizers saturated with nitrogen, superphosphate. To enrich the soil with bromine, potassium, magnesium, copper and other necessary (in extremely small doses) microelements, solutions of complex specialized fertilizers are used.
Nitrogen-containing fertilizers are necessary for the tree during flowering, the formation of ovaries and the formation of fruits, in autumn the plant does not need nitrogen, it is necessary to feed the apple tree with organic matter, it insulates the soil, releasing heat during decomposition.
Competent pruning
Thin branches of the Cinnamon apple tree sometimes reach the ground, they need to be significantly shortened. It is necessary to carry out this procedure before the flowering of the apple tree, otherwise you will have to cut them along with the fruits. Crohn requires periodic thinning. It can be carried out in spring and autumn, while leaving straight, upward-looking branches. In order not to provoke tree disease, it is not recommended to remove more than a quarter of the total mass of branches and shoots at a time.
Protection from pests and diseases
Preventive means:
- from redheads, leaf rollers, aphids, a solution of benzophosphate will help;
- "Nitrafen" is sprayed until the buds swell, which should protect plants from mites;
- chlorophos will protect against apple blossom beetle.
Scab, powdery mildew
For the prevention of apple diseases, spraying with 10% potassium chloride and 7% urea is carried out.
Root cancer
The growths, bumps are cut off, treatment is carried out with 1% copper sulfate and the tree is fertilized with copper-containing fertilizers.
Cytosporosis
1% copper sulfate added to the whitewash is a prophylactic agent; the affected branches can only be cut and burned to prevent further spread of the disease.
Fruiting
Fruiting is regular, not abundant. Under good circumstances, up to 150 kg of sweet ruddy fruits can be removed from one Brown Striped tree. Ripening apples heap, from late August to early September.
Fruit
Weaing apples vary from 70 to 140 g, their shape resembles a turnip with a weakly expressed division into shares.
Keeping quality
In a cool cellar with normal humidity, Cinnamon apples can be stored until the new calendar year. If you store apples in toasted sand or wrapped in paper, then the shelf life will slightly increase.
Growing in the suburbs
The cultivation of Brown striped in the regions of the Moscow region can be considered favorable if the soil is enriched, loosened, mulched in a timely manner. Periodically carry out abundant watering, not forgetting about good drainage when planting.
